1/*
2 * Read-Copy Update module-based torture test facility
3 *
4 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
5 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
6 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
7 * (at your option) any later version.
8 *
9 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
10 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
11 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
12 * GNU General Public License for more details.
13 *
14 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
15 * along with this program; if not, you can access it online at
16 * http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-2.0.html.
17 *
18 * Copyright (C) IBM Corporation, 2005, 2006
19 *
20 * Authors: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@us.ibm.com>
21 *	  Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
22 *
23 * See also:  Documentation/RCU/torture.txt
24 */
25#include <linux/types.h>
26#include <linux/kernel.h>
27#include <linux/init.h>
28#include <linux/module.h>
29#include <linux/kthread.h>
30#include <linux/err.h>
31#include <linux/spinlock.h>
32#include <linux/smp.h>
33#include <linux/rcupdate.h>
34#include <linux/interrupt.h>
35#include <linux/sched.h>
36#include <linux/atomic.h>
37#include <linux/bitops.h>
38#include <linux/completion.h>
39#include <linux/moduleparam.h>
40#include <linux/percpu.h>
41#include <linux/notifier.h>
42#include <linux/reboot.h>
43#include <linux/freezer.h>
44#include <linux/cpu.h>
45#include <linux/delay.h>
46#include <linux/stat.h>
47#include <linux/srcu.h>
48#include <linux/slab.h>
49#include <linux/trace_clock.h>
50#include <asm/byteorder.h>
51#include <linux/torture.h>
52#include <linux/vmalloc.h>
53
54MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
55MODULE_AUTHOR("Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@us.ibm.com> and Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>");
56
57
58torture_param(int, cbflood_inter_holdoff, HZ,
59	      "Holdoff between floods (jiffies)");
60torture_param(int, cbflood_intra_holdoff, 1,
61	      "Holdoff between bursts (jiffies)");
62torture_param(int, cbflood_n_burst, 3, "# bursts in flood, zero to disable");
63torture_param(int, cbflood_n_per_burst, 20000,
64	      "# callbacks per burst in flood");
65torture_param(int, fqs_duration, 0,
66	      "Duration of fqs bursts (us), 0 to disable");
67torture_param(int, fqs_holdoff, 0, "Holdoff time within fqs bursts (us)");
68torture_param(int, fqs_stutter, 3, "Wait time between fqs bursts (s)");
69torture_param(bool, gp_cond, false, "Use conditional/async GP wait primitives");
70torture_param(bool, gp_exp, false, "Use expedited GP wait primitives");
71torture_param(bool, gp_normal, false,
72	     "Use normal (non-expedited) GP wait primitives");
73torture_param(bool, gp_sync, false, "Use synchronous GP wait primitives");
74torture_param(int, irqreader, 1, "Allow RCU readers from irq handlers");
75torture_param(int, n_barrier_cbs, 0,
76	     "# of callbacks/kthreads for barrier testing");
77torture_param(int, nfakewriters, 4, "Number of RCU fake writer threads");
78torture_param(int, nreaders, -1, "Number of RCU reader threads");
79torture_param(int, object_debug, 0,
80	     "Enable debug-object double call_rcu() testing");
81torture_param(int, onoff_holdoff, 0, "Time after boot before CPU hotplugs (s)");
82torture_param(int, onoff_interval, 0,
83	     "Time between CPU hotplugs (s), 0=disable");
84torture_param(int, shuffle_interval, 3, "Number of seconds between shuffles");
85torture_param(int, shutdown_secs, 0, "Shutdown time (s), <= zero to disable.");
86torture_param(int, stall_cpu, 0, "Stall duration (s), zero to disable.");
87torture_param(int, stall_cpu_holdoff, 10,
88	     "Time to wait before starting stall (s).");
89torture_param(int, stat_interval, 60,
90	     "Number of seconds between stats printk()s");
91torture_param(int, stutter, 5, "Number of seconds to run/halt test");
92torture_param(int, test_boost, 1, "Test RCU prio boost: 0=no, 1=maybe, 2=yes.");
93torture_param(int, test_boost_duration, 4,
94	     "Duration of each boost test, seconds.");
95torture_param(int, test_boost_interval, 7,
96	     "Interval between boost tests, seconds.");
97torture_param(bool, test_no_idle_hz, true,
98	     "Test support for tickless idle CPUs");
99torture_param(bool, verbose, true,
100	     "Enable verbose debugging printk()s");
101
102static char *torture_type = "rcu";
103module_param(torture_type, charp, 0444);
104MODULE_PARM_DESC(torture_type, "Type of RCU to torture (rcu, rcu_bh, ...)");
105
106static int nrealreaders;
107static int ncbflooders;
108static struct task_struct *writer_task;
109static struct task_struct **fakewriter_tasks;
110static struct task_struct **reader_tasks;
111static struct task_struct *stats_task;
112static struct task_struct **cbflood_task;
113static struct task_struct *fqs_task;
114static struct task_struct *boost_tasks[NR_CPUS];
115static struct task_struct *stall_task;
116static struct task_struct **barrier_cbs_tasks;
117static struct task_struct *barrier_task;
118
119#define RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN 10
120
121struct rcu_torture {
122	struct rcu_head rtort_rcu;
123	int rtort_pipe_count;
124	struct list_head rtort_free;
125	int rtort_mbtest;
126};
127
128static LIST_HEAD(rcu_torture_freelist);
129static struct rcu_torture __rcu *rcu_torture_current;
130static unsigned long rcu_torture_current_version;
131static struct rcu_torture rcu_tortures[10 * RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN];
132static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(rcu_torture_lock);
133static DEFINE_PER_CPU(long [RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1],
134		      rcu_torture_count) = { 0 };
135static DEFINE_PER_CPU(long [RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1],
136		      rcu_torture_batch) = { 0 };
137static atomic_t rcu_torture_wcount[RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1];
138static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_alloc;
139static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_alloc_fail;
140static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_free;
141static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_mberror;
142static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_error;
143static long n_rcu_torture_barrier_error;
144static long n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror;
145static long n_rcu_torture_boost_rterror;
146static long n_rcu_torture_boost_failure;
147static long n_rcu_torture_boosts;
148static long n_rcu_torture_timers;
149static long n_barrier_attempts;
150static long n_barrier_successes;
151static atomic_long_t n_cbfloods;
152static struct list_head rcu_torture_removed;
153
154static int rcu_torture_writer_state;
155#define RTWS_FIXED_DELAY	0
156#define RTWS_DELAY		1
157#define RTWS_REPLACE		2
158#define RTWS_DEF_FREE		3
159#define RTWS_EXP_SYNC		4
160#define RTWS_COND_GET		5
161#define RTWS_COND_SYNC		6
162#define RTWS_SYNC		7
163#define RTWS_STUTTER		8
164#define RTWS_STOPPING		9
165
166#if defined(MODULE) || defined(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST_RUNNABLE)
167#define RCUTORTURE_RUNNABLE_INIT 1
168#else
169#define RCUTORTURE_RUNNABLE_INIT 0
170#endif
171static int torture_runnable = RCUTORTURE_RUNNABLE_INIT;
172module_param(torture_runnable, int, 0444);
173MODULE_PARM_DESC(torture_runnable, "Start rcutorture at boot");
174
175#if defined(CONFIG_RCU_BOOST) && !defined(CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU)
176#define rcu_can_boost() 1
177#else /* #if defined(CONFIG_RCU_BOOST) && !defined(CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU) */
178#define rcu_can_boost() 0
179#endif /* #else #if defined(CONFIG_RCU_BOOST) && !defined(CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU) */
180
181#ifdef CONFIG_RCU_TRACE
182static u64 notrace rcu_trace_clock_local(void)
183{
184	u64 ts = trace_clock_local();
185	unsigned long __maybe_unused ts_rem = do_div(ts, NSEC_PER_USEC);
186	return ts;
187}
188#else /* #ifdef CONFIG_RCU_TRACE */
189static u64 notrace rcu_trace_clock_local(void)
190{
191	return 0ULL;
192}
193#endif /* #else #ifdef CONFIG_RCU_TRACE */
194
195static unsigned long boost_starttime;	/* jiffies of next boost test start. */
196static DEFINE_MUTEX(boost_mutex);	/* protect setting boost_starttime */
197					/*  and boost task create/destroy. */
198static atomic_t barrier_cbs_count;	/* Barrier callbacks registered. */
199static bool barrier_phase;		/* Test phase. */
200static atomic_t barrier_cbs_invoked;	/* Barrier callbacks invoked. */
201static wait_queue_head_t *barrier_cbs_wq; /* Coordinate barrier testing. */
202static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(barrier_wq);
203
204/*
205 * Allocate an element from the rcu_tortures pool.
206 */
207static struct rcu_torture *
208rcu_torture_alloc(void)
209{
210	struct list_head *p;
211
212	spin_lock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
213	if (list_empty(&rcu_torture_freelist)) {
214		atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_alloc_fail);
215		spin_unlock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
216		return NULL;
217	}
218	atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_alloc);
219	p = rcu_torture_freelist.next;
220	list_del_init(p);
221	spin_unlock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
222	return container_of(p, struct rcu_torture, rtort_free);
223}
224
225/*
226 * Free an element to the rcu_tortures pool.
227 */
228static void
229rcu_torture_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
230{
231	atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_free);
232	spin_lock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
233	list_add_tail(&p->rtort_free, &rcu_torture_freelist);
234	spin_unlock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
235}
236
237/*
238 * Operations vector for selecting different types of tests.
239 */
240
241struct rcu_torture_ops {
242	int ttype;
243	void (*init)(void);
244	int (*readlock)(void);
245	void (*read_delay)(struct torture_random_state *rrsp);
246	void (*readunlock)(int idx);
247	unsigned long (*started)(void);
248	unsigned long (*completed)(void);
249	void (*deferred_free)(struct rcu_torture *p);
250	void (*sync)(void);
251	void (*exp_sync)(void);
252	unsigned long (*get_state)(void);
253	void (*cond_sync)(unsigned long oldstate);
254	void (*call)(struct rcu_head *head, void (*func)(struct rcu_head *rcu));
255	void (*cb_barrier)(void);
256	void (*fqs)(void);
257	void (*stats)(void);
258	int irq_capable;
259	int can_boost;
260	const char *name;
261};
262
263static struct rcu_torture_ops *cur_ops;
264
265/*
266 * Definitions for rcu torture testing.
267 */
268
269static int rcu_torture_read_lock(void) __acquires(RCU)
270{
271	rcu_read_lock();
272	return 0;
273}
274
275static void rcu_read_delay(struct torture_random_state *rrsp)
276{
277	const unsigned long shortdelay_us = 200;
278	const unsigned long longdelay_ms = 50;
279
280	/* We want a short delay sometimes to make a reader delay the grace
281	 * period, and we want a long delay occasionally to trigger
282	 * force_quiescent_state. */
283
284	if (!(torture_random(rrsp) % (nrealreaders * 2000 * longdelay_ms)))
285		mdelay(longdelay_ms);
286	if (!(torture_random(rrsp) % (nrealreaders * 2 * shortdelay_us)))
287		udelay(shortdelay_us);
288#ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT
289	if (!preempt_count() &&
290	    !(torture_random(rrsp) % (nrealreaders * 20000)))
291		preempt_schedule();  /* No QS if preempt_disable() in effect */
292#endif
293}
294
295static void rcu_torture_read_unlock(int idx) __releases(RCU)
296{
297	rcu_read_unlock();
298}
299
300/*
301 * Update callback in the pipe.  This should be invoked after a grace period.
302 */
303static bool
304rcu_torture_pipe_update_one(struct rcu_torture *rp)
305{
306	int i;
307
308	i = rp->rtort_pipe_count;
309	if (i > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN)
310		i = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
311	atomic_inc(&rcu_torture_wcount[i]);
312	if (++rp->rtort_pipe_count >= RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN) {
313		rp->rtort_mbtest = 0;
314		return true;
315	}
316	return false;
317}
318
319/*
320 * Update all callbacks in the pipe.  Suitable for synchronous grace-period
321 * primitives.
322 */
323static void
324rcu_torture_pipe_update(struct rcu_torture *old_rp)
325{
326	struct rcu_torture *rp;
327	struct rcu_torture *rp1;
328
329	if (old_rp)
330		list_add(&old_rp->rtort_free, &rcu_torture_removed);
331	list_for_each_entry_safe(rp, rp1, &rcu_torture_removed, rtort_free) {
332		if (rcu_torture_pipe_update_one(rp)) {
333			list_del(&rp->rtort_free);
334			rcu_torture_free(rp);
335		}
336	}
337}
338
339static void
340rcu_torture_cb(struct rcu_head *p)
341{
342	struct rcu_torture *rp = container_of(p, struct rcu_torture, rtort_rcu);
343
344	if (torture_must_stop_irq()) {
345		/* Test is ending, just drop callbacks on the floor. */
346		/* The next initialization will pick up the pieces. */
347		return;
348	}
349	if (rcu_torture_pipe_update_one(rp))
350		rcu_torture_free(rp);
351	else
352		cur_ops->deferred_free(rp);
353}
354
355static unsigned long rcu_no_completed(void)
356{
357	return 0;
358}
359
360static void rcu_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
361{
362	call_rcu(&p->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
363}
364
365static void rcu_sync_torture_init(void)
366{
367	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&rcu_torture_removed);
368}
369
370static struct rcu_torture_ops rcu_ops = {
371	.ttype		= RCU_FLAVOR,
372	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
373	.readlock	= rcu_torture_read_lock,
374	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,
375	.readunlock	= rcu_torture_read_unlock,
376	.started	= rcu_batches_started,
377	.completed	= rcu_batches_completed,
378	.deferred_free	= rcu_torture_deferred_free,
379	.sync		= synchronize_rcu,
380	.exp_sync	= synchronize_rcu_expedited,
381	.get_state	= get_state_synchronize_rcu,
382	.cond_sync	= cond_synchronize_rcu,
383	.call		= call_rcu,
384	.cb_barrier	= rcu_barrier,
385	.fqs		= rcu_force_quiescent_state,
386	.stats		= NULL,
387	.irq_capable	= 1,
388	.can_boost	= rcu_can_boost(),
389	.name		= "rcu"
390};
391
392/*
393 * Definitions for rcu_bh torture testing.
394 */
395
396static int rcu_bh_torture_read_lock(void) __acquires(RCU_BH)
397{
398	rcu_read_lock_bh();
399	return 0;
400}
401
402static void rcu_bh_torture_read_unlock(int idx) __releases(RCU_BH)
403{
404	rcu_read_unlock_bh();
405}
406
407static void rcu_bh_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
408{
409	call_rcu_bh(&p->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
410}
411
412static struct rcu_torture_ops rcu_bh_ops = {
413	.ttype		= RCU_BH_FLAVOR,
414	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
415	.readlock	= rcu_bh_torture_read_lock,
416	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,  /* just reuse rcu's version. */
417	.readunlock	= rcu_bh_torture_read_unlock,
418	.started	= rcu_batches_started_bh,
419	.completed	= rcu_batches_completed_bh,
420	.deferred_free	= rcu_bh_torture_deferred_free,
421	.sync		= synchronize_rcu_bh,
422	.exp_sync	= synchronize_rcu_bh_expedited,
423	.call		= call_rcu_bh,
424	.cb_barrier	= rcu_barrier_bh,
425	.fqs		= rcu_bh_force_quiescent_state,
426	.stats		= NULL,
427	.irq_capable	= 1,
428	.name		= "rcu_bh"
429};
430
431/*
432 * Don't even think about trying any of these in real life!!!
433 * The names includes "busted", and they really means it!
434 * The only purpose of these functions is to provide a buggy RCU
435 * implementation to make sure that rcutorture correctly emits
436 * buggy-RCU error messages.
437 */
438static void rcu_busted_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
439{
440	/* This is a deliberate bug for testing purposes only! */
441	rcu_torture_cb(&p->rtort_rcu);
442}
443
444static void synchronize_rcu_busted(void)
445{
446	/* This is a deliberate bug for testing purposes only! */
447}
448
449static void
450call_rcu_busted(struct rcu_head *head, void (*func)(struct rcu_head *rcu))
451{
452	/* This is a deliberate bug for testing purposes only! */
453	func(head);
454}
455
456static struct rcu_torture_ops rcu_busted_ops = {
457	.ttype		= INVALID_RCU_FLAVOR,
458	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
459	.readlock	= rcu_torture_read_lock,
460	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,  /* just reuse rcu's version. */
461	.readunlock	= rcu_torture_read_unlock,
462	.started	= rcu_no_completed,
463	.completed	= rcu_no_completed,
464	.deferred_free	= rcu_busted_torture_deferred_free,
465	.sync		= synchronize_rcu_busted,
466	.exp_sync	= synchronize_rcu_busted,
467	.call		= call_rcu_busted,
468	.cb_barrier	= NULL,
469	.fqs		= NULL,
470	.stats		= NULL,
471	.irq_capable	= 1,
472	.name		= "rcu_busted"
473};
474
475/*
476 * Definitions for srcu torture testing.
477 */
478
479DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU(srcu_ctl);
480
481static int srcu_torture_read_lock(void) __acquires(&srcu_ctl)
482{
483	return srcu_read_lock(&srcu_ctl);
484}
485
486static void srcu_read_delay(struct torture_random_state *rrsp)
487{
488	long delay;
489	const long uspertick = 1000000 / HZ;
490	const long longdelay = 10;
491
492	/* We want there to be long-running readers, but not all the time. */
493
494	delay = torture_random(rrsp) %
495		(nrealreaders * 2 * longdelay * uspertick);
496	if (!delay)
497		schedule_timeout_interruptible(longdelay);
498	else
499		rcu_read_delay(rrsp);
500}
501
502static void srcu_torture_read_unlock(int idx) __releases(&srcu_ctl)
503{
504	srcu_read_unlock(&srcu_ctl, idx);
505}
506
507static unsigned long srcu_torture_completed(void)
508{
509	return srcu_batches_completed(&srcu_ctl);
510}
511
512static void srcu_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *rp)
513{
514	call_srcu(&srcu_ctl, &rp->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
515}
516
517static void srcu_torture_synchronize(void)
518{
519	synchronize_srcu(&srcu_ctl);
520}
521
522static void srcu_torture_call(struct rcu_head *head,
523			      void (*func)(struct rcu_head *head))
524{
525	call_srcu(&srcu_ctl, head, func);
526}
527
528static void srcu_torture_barrier(void)
529{
530	srcu_barrier(&srcu_ctl);
531}
532
533static void srcu_torture_stats(void)
534{
535	int cpu;
536	int idx = srcu_ctl.completed & 0x1;
537
538	pr_alert("%s%s per-CPU(idx=%d):",
539		 torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG, idx);
540	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
541		long c0, c1;
542
543		c0 = (long)per_cpu_ptr(srcu_ctl.per_cpu_ref, cpu)->c[!idx];
544		c1 = (long)per_cpu_ptr(srcu_ctl.per_cpu_ref, cpu)->c[idx];
545		pr_cont(" %d(%ld,%ld)", cpu, c0, c1);
546	}
547	pr_cont("\n");
548}
549
550static void srcu_torture_synchronize_expedited(void)
551{
552	synchronize_srcu_expedited(&srcu_ctl);
553}
554
555static struct rcu_torture_ops srcu_ops = {
556	.ttype		= SRCU_FLAVOR,
557	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
558	.readlock	= srcu_torture_read_lock,
559	.read_delay	= srcu_read_delay,
560	.readunlock	= srcu_torture_read_unlock,
561	.started	= NULL,
562	.completed	= srcu_torture_completed,
563	.deferred_free	= srcu_torture_deferred_free,
564	.sync		= srcu_torture_synchronize,
565	.exp_sync	= srcu_torture_synchronize_expedited,
566	.call		= srcu_torture_call,
567	.cb_barrier	= srcu_torture_barrier,
568	.stats		= srcu_torture_stats,
569	.name		= "srcu"
570};
571
572/*
573 * Definitions for sched torture testing.
574 */
575
576static int sched_torture_read_lock(void)
577{
578	preempt_disable();
579	return 0;
580}
581
582static void sched_torture_read_unlock(int idx)
583{
584	preempt_enable();
585}
586
587static void rcu_sched_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
588{
589	call_rcu_sched(&p->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
590}
591
592static struct rcu_torture_ops sched_ops = {
593	.ttype		= RCU_SCHED_FLAVOR,
594	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
595	.readlock	= sched_torture_read_lock,
596	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,  /* just reuse rcu's version. */
597	.readunlock	= sched_torture_read_unlock,
598	.started	= rcu_batches_started_sched,
599	.completed	= rcu_batches_completed_sched,
600	.deferred_free	= rcu_sched_torture_deferred_free,
601	.sync		= synchronize_sched,
602	.exp_sync	= synchronize_sched_expedited,
603	.call		= call_rcu_sched,
604	.cb_barrier	= rcu_barrier_sched,
605	.fqs		= rcu_sched_force_quiescent_state,
606	.stats		= NULL,
607	.irq_capable	= 1,
608	.name		= "sched"
609};
610
611#ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_RCU
612
613/*
614 * Definitions for RCU-tasks torture testing.
615 */
616
617static int tasks_torture_read_lock(void)
618{
619	return 0;
620}
621
622static void tasks_torture_read_unlock(int idx)
623{
624}
625
626static void rcu_tasks_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
627{
628	call_rcu_tasks(&p->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
629}
630
631static struct rcu_torture_ops tasks_ops = {
632	.ttype		= RCU_TASKS_FLAVOR,
633	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
634	.readlock	= tasks_torture_read_lock,
635	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,  /* just reuse rcu's version. */
636	.readunlock	= tasks_torture_read_unlock,
637	.started	= rcu_no_completed,
638	.completed	= rcu_no_completed,
639	.deferred_free	= rcu_tasks_torture_deferred_free,
640	.sync		= synchronize_rcu_tasks,
641	.exp_sync	= synchronize_rcu_tasks,
642	.call		= call_rcu_tasks,
643	.cb_barrier	= rcu_barrier_tasks,
644	.fqs		= NULL,
645	.stats		= NULL,
646	.irq_capable	= 1,
647	.name		= "tasks"
648};
649
650#define RCUTORTURE_TASKS_OPS &tasks_ops,
651
652#else /* #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_RCU */
653
654#define RCUTORTURE_TASKS_OPS
655
656#endif /* #else #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_RCU */
657
658/*
659 * RCU torture priority-boost testing.  Runs one real-time thread per
660 * CPU for moderate bursts, repeatedly registering RCU callbacks and
661 * spinning waiting for them to be invoked.  If a given callback takes
662 * too long to be invoked, we assume that priority inversion has occurred.
663 */
664
665struct rcu_boost_inflight {
666	struct rcu_head rcu;
667	int inflight;
668};
669
670static void rcu_torture_boost_cb(struct rcu_head *head)
671{
672	struct rcu_boost_inflight *rbip =
673		container_of(head, struct rcu_boost_inflight, rcu);
674
675	smp_mb(); /* Ensure RCU-core accesses precede clearing ->inflight */
676	rbip->inflight = 0;
677}
678
679static int rcu_torture_boost(void *arg)
680{
681	unsigned long call_rcu_time;
682	unsigned long endtime;
683	unsigned long oldstarttime;
684	struct rcu_boost_inflight rbi = { .inflight = 0 };
685	struct sched_param sp;
686
687	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_boost started");
688
689	/* Set real-time priority. */
690	sp.sched_priority = 1;
691	if (sched_setscheduler(current, SCHED_FIFO, &sp) < 0) {
692		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_boost RT prio failed!");
693		n_rcu_torture_boost_rterror++;
694	}
695
696	init_rcu_head_on_stack(&rbi.rcu);
697	/* Each pass through the following loop does one boost-test cycle. */
698	do {
699		/* Wait for the next test interval. */
700		oldstarttime = boost_starttime;
701		while (ULONG_CMP_LT(jiffies, oldstarttime)) {
702			schedule_timeout_interruptible(oldstarttime - jiffies);
703			stutter_wait("rcu_torture_boost");
704			if (torture_must_stop())
705				goto checkwait;
706		}
707
708		/* Do one boost-test interval. */
709		endtime = oldstarttime + test_boost_duration * HZ;
710		call_rcu_time = jiffies;
711		while (ULONG_CMP_LT(jiffies, endtime)) {
712			/* If we don't have a callback in flight, post one. */
713			if (!rbi.inflight) {
714				smp_mb(); /* RCU core before ->inflight = 1. */
715				rbi.inflight = 1;
716				call_rcu(&rbi.rcu, rcu_torture_boost_cb);
717				if (jiffies - call_rcu_time >
718					 test_boost_duration * HZ - HZ / 2) {
719					VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_boost boosting failed");
720					n_rcu_torture_boost_failure++;
721				}
722				call_rcu_time = jiffies;
723			}
724			cond_resched_rcu_qs();
725			stutter_wait("rcu_torture_boost");
726			if (torture_must_stop())
727				goto checkwait;
728		}
729
730		/*
731		 * Set the start time of the next test interval.
732		 * Yes, this is vulnerable to long delays, but such
733		 * delays simply cause a false negative for the next
734		 * interval.  Besides, we are running at RT priority,
735		 * so delays should be relatively rare.
736		 */
737		while (oldstarttime == boost_starttime &&
738		       !kthread_should_stop()) {
739			if (mutex_trylock(&boost_mutex)) {
740				boost_starttime = jiffies +
741						  test_boost_interval * HZ;
742				n_rcu_torture_boosts++;
743				mutex_unlock(&boost_mutex);
744				break;
745			}
746			schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
747		}
748
749		/* Go do the stutter. */
750checkwait:	stutter_wait("rcu_torture_boost");
751	} while (!torture_must_stop());
752
753	/* Clean up and exit. */
754	while (!kthread_should_stop() || rbi.inflight) {
755		torture_shutdown_absorb("rcu_torture_boost");
756		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
757	}
758	smp_mb(); /* order accesses to ->inflight before stack-frame death. */
759	destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&rbi.rcu);
760	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_boost");
761	return 0;
762}
763
764static void rcu_torture_cbflood_cb(struct rcu_head *rhp)
765{
766}
767
768/*
769 * RCU torture callback-flood kthread.  Repeatedly induces bursts of calls
770 * to call_rcu() or analogous, increasing the probability of occurrence
771 * of callback-overflow corner cases.
772 */
773static int
774rcu_torture_cbflood(void *arg)
775{
776	int err = 1;
777	int i;
778	int j;
779	struct rcu_head *rhp;
780
781	if (cbflood_n_per_burst > 0 &&
782	    cbflood_inter_holdoff > 0 &&
783	    cbflood_intra_holdoff > 0 &&
784	    cur_ops->call &&
785	    cur_ops->cb_barrier) {
786		rhp = vmalloc(sizeof(*rhp) *
787			      cbflood_n_burst * cbflood_n_per_burst);
788		err = !rhp;
789	}
790	if (err) {
791		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_cbflood disabled: Bad args or OOM");
792		while (!torture_must_stop())
793			schedule_timeout_interruptible(HZ);
794		return 0;
795	}
796	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_cbflood task started");
797	do {
798		schedule_timeout_interruptible(cbflood_inter_holdoff);
799		atomic_long_inc(&n_cbfloods);
800		WARN_ON(signal_pending(current));
801		for (i = 0; i < cbflood_n_burst; i++) {
802			for (j = 0; j < cbflood_n_per_burst; j++) {
803				cur_ops->call(&rhp[i * cbflood_n_per_burst + j],
804					      rcu_torture_cbflood_cb);
805			}
806			schedule_timeout_interruptible(cbflood_intra_holdoff);
807			WARN_ON(signal_pending(current));
808		}
809		cur_ops->cb_barrier();
810		stutter_wait("rcu_torture_cbflood");
811	} while (!torture_must_stop());
812	vfree(rhp);
813	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_cbflood");
814	return 0;
815}
816
817/*
818 * RCU torture force-quiescent-state kthread.  Repeatedly induces
819 * bursts of calls to force_quiescent_state(), increasing the probability
820 * of occurrence of some important types of race conditions.
821 */
822static int
823rcu_torture_fqs(void *arg)
824{
825	unsigned long fqs_resume_time;
826	int fqs_burst_remaining;
827
828	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_fqs task started");
829	do {
830		fqs_resume_time = jiffies + fqs_stutter * HZ;
831		while (ULONG_CMP_LT(jiffies, fqs_resume_time) &&
832		       !kthread_should_stop()) {
833			schedule_timeout_interruptible(1);
834		}
835		fqs_burst_remaining = fqs_duration;
836		while (fqs_burst_remaining > 0 &&
837		       !kthread_should_stop()) {
838			cur_ops->fqs();
839			udelay(fqs_holdoff);
840			fqs_burst_remaining -= fqs_holdoff;
841		}
842		stutter_wait("rcu_torture_fqs");
843	} while (!torture_must_stop());
844	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_fqs");
845	return 0;
846}
847
848/*
849 * RCU torture writer kthread.  Repeatedly substitutes a new structure
850 * for that pointed to by rcu_torture_current, freeing the old structure
851 * after a series of grace periods (the "pipeline").
852 */
853static int
854rcu_torture_writer(void *arg)
855{
856	bool can_expedite = !rcu_gp_is_expedited();
857	int expediting = 0;
858	unsigned long gp_snap;
859	bool gp_cond1 = gp_cond, gp_exp1 = gp_exp, gp_normal1 = gp_normal;
860	bool gp_sync1 = gp_sync;
861	int i;
862	struct rcu_torture *rp;
863	struct rcu_torture *old_rp;
864	static DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(rand);
865	int synctype[] = { RTWS_DEF_FREE, RTWS_EXP_SYNC,
866			   RTWS_COND_GET, RTWS_SYNC };
867	int nsynctypes = 0;
868
869	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_writer task started");
870	pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
871		 " Grace periods expedited from boot/sysfs for %s,\n",
872		 torture_type, cur_ops->name);
873	pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
874		 " Testing of dynamic grace-period expediting diabled.\n",
875		 torture_type);
876
877	/* Initialize synctype[] array.  If none set, take default. */
878	if (!gp_cond1 && !gp_exp1 && !gp_normal1 && !gp_sync1)
879		gp_cond1 = gp_exp1 = gp_normal1 = gp_sync1 = true;
880	if (gp_cond1 && cur_ops->get_state && cur_ops->cond_sync)
881		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_COND_GET;
882	else if (gp_cond && (!cur_ops->get_state || !cur_ops->cond_sync))
883		pr_alert("rcu_torture_writer: gp_cond without primitives.\n");
884	if (gp_exp1 && cur_ops->exp_sync)
885		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_EXP_SYNC;
886	else if (gp_exp && !cur_ops->exp_sync)
887		pr_alert("rcu_torture_writer: gp_exp without primitives.\n");
888	if (gp_normal1 && cur_ops->deferred_free)
889		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_DEF_FREE;
890	else if (gp_normal && !cur_ops->deferred_free)
891		pr_alert("rcu_torture_writer: gp_normal without primitives.\n");
892	if (gp_sync1 && cur_ops->sync)
893		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_SYNC;
894	else if (gp_sync && !cur_ops->sync)
895		pr_alert("rcu_torture_writer: gp_sync without primitives.\n");
896	if (WARN_ONCE(nsynctypes == 0,
897		      "rcu_torture_writer: No update-side primitives.\n")) {
898		/*
899		 * No updates primitives, so don't try updating.
900		 * The resulting test won't be testing much, hence the
901		 * above WARN_ONCE().
902		 */
903		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_STOPPING;
904		torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_writer");
905	}
906
907	do {
908		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_FIXED_DELAY;
909		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
910		rp = rcu_torture_alloc();
911		if (rp == NULL)
912			continue;
913		rp->rtort_pipe_count = 0;
914		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_DELAY;
915		udelay(torture_random(&rand) & 0x3ff);
916		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_REPLACE;
917		old_rp = rcu_dereference_check(rcu_torture_current,
918					       current == writer_task);
919		rp->rtort_mbtest = 1;
920		rcu_assign_pointer(rcu_torture_current, rp);
921		smp_wmb(); /* Mods to old_rp must follow rcu_assign_pointer() */
922		if (old_rp) {
923			i = old_rp->rtort_pipe_count;
924			if (i > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN)
925				i = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
926			atomic_inc(&rcu_torture_wcount[i]);
927			old_rp->rtort_pipe_count++;
928			switch (synctype[torture_random(&rand) % nsynctypes]) {
929			case RTWS_DEF_FREE:
930				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_DEF_FREE;
931				cur_ops->deferred_free(old_rp);
932				break;
933			case RTWS_EXP_SYNC:
934				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_EXP_SYNC;
935				cur_ops->exp_sync();
936				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
937				break;
938			case RTWS_COND_GET:
939				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_COND_GET;
940				gp_snap = cur_ops->get_state();
941				i = torture_random(&rand) % 16;
942				if (i != 0)
943					schedule_timeout_interruptible(i);
944				udelay(torture_random(&rand) % 1000);
945				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_COND_SYNC;
946				cur_ops->cond_sync(gp_snap);
947				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
948				break;
949			case RTWS_SYNC:
950				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_SYNC;
951				cur_ops->sync();
952				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
953				break;
954			default:
955				WARN_ON_ONCE(1);
956				break;
957			}
958		}
959		rcutorture_record_progress(++rcu_torture_current_version);
960		/* Cycle through nesting levels of rcu_expedite_gp() calls. */
961		if (can_expedite &&
962		    !(torture_random(&rand) & 0xff & (!!expediting - 1))) {
963			WARN_ON_ONCE(expediting == 0 && rcu_gp_is_expedited());
964			if (expediting >= 0)
965				rcu_expedite_gp();
966			else
967				rcu_unexpedite_gp();
968			if (++expediting > 3)
969				expediting = -expediting;
970		}
971		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_STUTTER;
972		stutter_wait("rcu_torture_writer");
973	} while (!torture_must_stop());
974	/* Reset expediting back to unexpedited. */
975	if (expediting > 0)
976		expediting = -expediting;
977	while (can_expedite && expediting++ < 0)
978		rcu_unexpedite_gp();
979	WARN_ON_ONCE(can_expedite && rcu_gp_is_expedited());
980	rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_STOPPING;
981	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_writer");
982	return 0;
983}
984
985/*
986 * RCU torture fake writer kthread.  Repeatedly calls sync, with a random
987 * delay between calls.
988 */
989static int
990rcu_torture_fakewriter(void *arg)
991{
992	DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(rand);
993
994	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_fakewriter task started");
995	set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
996
997	do {
998		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1 + torture_random(&rand)%10);
999		udelay(torture_random(&rand) & 0x3ff);
1000		if (cur_ops->cb_barrier != NULL &&
1001		    torture_random(&rand) % (nfakewriters * 8) == 0) {
1002			cur_ops->cb_barrier();
1003		} else if (gp_normal == gp_exp) {
1004			if (torture_random(&rand) & 0x80)
1005				cur_ops->sync();
1006			else
1007				cur_ops->exp_sync();
1008		} else if (gp_normal) {
1009			cur_ops->sync();
1010		} else {
1011			cur_ops->exp_sync();
1012		}
1013		stutter_wait("rcu_torture_fakewriter");
1014	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1015
1016	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_fakewriter");
1017	return 0;
1018}
1019
1020static void rcutorture_trace_dump(void)
1021{
1022	static atomic_t beenhere = ATOMIC_INIT(0);
1023
1024	if (atomic_read(&beenhere))
1025		return;
1026	if (atomic_xchg(&beenhere, 1) != 0)
1027		return;
1028	ftrace_dump(DUMP_ALL);
1029}
1030
1031/*
1032 * RCU torture reader from timer handler.  Dereferences rcu_torture_current,
1033 * incrementing the corresponding element of the pipeline array.  The
1034 * counter in the element should never be greater than 1, otherwise, the
1035 * RCU implementation is broken.
1036 */
1037static void rcu_torture_timer(unsigned long unused)
1038{
1039	int idx;
1040	unsigned long started;
1041	unsigned long completed;
1042	static DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(rand);
1043	static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(rand_lock);
1044	struct rcu_torture *p;
1045	int pipe_count;
1046	unsigned long long ts;
1047
1048	idx = cur_ops->readlock();
1049	if (cur_ops->started)
1050		started = cur_ops->started();
1051	else
1052		started = cur_ops->completed();
1053	ts = rcu_trace_clock_local();
1054	p = rcu_dereference_check(rcu_torture_current,
1055				  rcu_read_lock_bh_held() ||
1056				  rcu_read_lock_sched_held() ||
1057				  srcu_read_lock_held(&srcu_ctl));
1058	if (p == NULL) {
1059		/* Leave because rcu_torture_writer is not yet underway */
1060		cur_ops->readunlock(idx);
1061		return;
1062	}
1063	if (p->rtort_mbtest == 0)
1064		atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_mberror);
1065	spin_lock(&rand_lock);
1066	cur_ops->read_delay(&rand);
1067	n_rcu_torture_timers++;
1068	spin_unlock(&rand_lock);
1069	preempt_disable();
1070	pipe_count = p->rtort_pipe_count;
1071	if (pipe_count > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN) {
1072		/* Should not happen, but... */
1073		pipe_count = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
1074	}
1075	completed = cur_ops->completed();
1076	if (pipe_count > 1) {
1077		do_trace_rcu_torture_read(cur_ops->name, &p->rtort_rcu, ts,
1078					  started, completed);
1079		rcutorture_trace_dump();
1080	}
1081	__this_cpu_inc(rcu_torture_count[pipe_count]);
1082	completed = completed - started;
1083	if (cur_ops->started)
1084		completed++;
1085	if (completed > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN) {
1086		/* Should not happen, but... */
1087		completed = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
1088	}
1089	__this_cpu_inc(rcu_torture_batch[completed]);
1090	preempt_enable();
1091	cur_ops->readunlock(idx);
1092}
1093
1094/*
1095 * RCU torture reader kthread.  Repeatedly dereferences rcu_torture_current,
1096 * incrementing the corresponding element of the pipeline array.  The
1097 * counter in the element should never be greater than 1, otherwise, the
1098 * RCU implementation is broken.
1099 */
1100static int
1101rcu_torture_reader(void *arg)
1102{
1103	unsigned long started;
1104	unsigned long completed;
1105	int idx;
1106	DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(rand);
1107	struct rcu_torture *p;
1108	int pipe_count;
1109	struct timer_list t;
1110	unsigned long long ts;
1111
1112	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_reader task started");
1113	set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
1114	if (irqreader && cur_ops->irq_capable)
1115		setup_timer_on_stack(&t, rcu_torture_timer, 0);
1116
1117	do {
1118		if (irqreader && cur_ops->irq_capable) {
1119			if (!timer_pending(&t))
1120				mod_timer(&t, jiffies + 1);
1121		}
1122		idx = cur_ops->readlock();
1123		if (cur_ops->started)
1124			started = cur_ops->started();
1125		else
1126			started = cur_ops->completed();
1127		ts = rcu_trace_clock_local();
1128		p = rcu_dereference_check(rcu_torture_current,
1129					  rcu_read_lock_bh_held() ||
1130					  rcu_read_lock_sched_held() ||
1131					  srcu_read_lock_held(&srcu_ctl));
1132		if (p == NULL) {
1133			/* Wait for rcu_torture_writer to get underway */
1134			cur_ops->readunlock(idx);
1135			schedule_timeout_interruptible(HZ);
1136			continue;
1137		}
1138		if (p->rtort_mbtest == 0)
1139			atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_mberror);
1140		cur_ops->read_delay(&rand);
1141		preempt_disable();
1142		pipe_count = p->rtort_pipe_count;
1143		if (pipe_count > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN) {
1144			/* Should not happen, but... */
1145			pipe_count = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
1146		}
1147		completed = cur_ops->completed();
1148		if (pipe_count > 1) {
1149			do_trace_rcu_torture_read(cur_ops->name, &p->rtort_rcu,
1150						  ts, started, completed);
1151			rcutorture_trace_dump();
1152		}
1153		__this_cpu_inc(rcu_torture_count[pipe_count]);
1154		completed = completed - started;
1155		if (cur_ops->started)
1156			completed++;
1157		if (completed > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN) {
1158			/* Should not happen, but... */
1159			completed = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
1160		}
1161		__this_cpu_inc(rcu_torture_batch[completed]);
1162		preempt_enable();
1163		cur_ops->readunlock(idx);
1164		cond_resched_rcu_qs();
1165		stutter_wait("rcu_torture_reader");
1166	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1167	if (irqreader && cur_ops->irq_capable) {
1168		del_timer_sync(&t);
1169		destroy_timer_on_stack(&t);
1170	}
1171	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_reader");
1172	return 0;
1173}
1174
1175/*
1176 * Print torture statistics.  Caller must ensure that there is only
1177 * one call to this function at a given time!!!  This is normally
1178 * accomplished by relying on the module system to only have one copy
1179 * of the module loaded, and then by giving the rcu_torture_stats
1180 * kthread full control (or the init/cleanup functions when rcu_torture_stats
1181 * thread is not running).
1182 */
1183static void
1184rcu_torture_stats_print(void)
1185{
1186	int cpu;
1187	int i;
1188	long pipesummary[RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1] = { 0 };
1189	long batchsummary[RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1] = { 0 };
1190	static unsigned long rtcv_snap = ULONG_MAX;
1191
1192	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
1193		for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++) {
1194			pipesummary[i] += per_cpu(rcu_torture_count, cpu)[i];
1195			batchsummary[i] += per_cpu(rcu_torture_batch, cpu)[i];
1196		}
1197	}
1198	for (i = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
1199		if (pipesummary[i] != 0)
1200			break;
1201	}
1202
1203	pr_alert("%s%s ", torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
1204	pr_cont("rtc: %p ver: %lu tfle: %d rta: %d rtaf: %d rtf: %d ",
1205		rcu_torture_current,
1206		rcu_torture_current_version,
1207		list_empty(&rcu_torture_freelist),
1208		atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_alloc),
1209		atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_alloc_fail),
1210		atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_free));
1211	pr_cont("rtmbe: %d rtbke: %ld rtbre: %ld ",
1212		atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_mberror),
1213		n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror,
1214		n_rcu_torture_boost_rterror);
1215	pr_cont("rtbf: %ld rtb: %ld nt: %ld ",
1216		n_rcu_torture_boost_failure,
1217		n_rcu_torture_boosts,
1218		n_rcu_torture_timers);
1219	torture_onoff_stats();
1220	pr_cont("barrier: %ld/%ld:%ld ",
1221		n_barrier_successes,
1222		n_barrier_attempts,
1223		n_rcu_torture_barrier_error);
1224	pr_cont("cbflood: %ld\n", atomic_long_read(&n_cbfloods));
1225
1226	pr_alert("%s%s ", torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
1227	if (atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_mberror) != 0 ||
1228	    n_rcu_torture_barrier_error != 0 ||
1229	    n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror != 0 ||
1230	    n_rcu_torture_boost_rterror != 0 ||
1231	    n_rcu_torture_boost_failure != 0 ||
1232	    i > 1) {
1233		pr_cont("%s", "!!! ");
1234		atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_error);
1235		WARN_ON_ONCE(1);
1236	}
1237	pr_cont("Reader Pipe: ");
1238	for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++)
1239		pr_cont(" %ld", pipesummary[i]);
1240	pr_cont("\n");
1241
1242	pr_alert("%s%s ", torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
1243	pr_cont("Reader Batch: ");
1244	for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++)
1245		pr_cont(" %ld", batchsummary[i]);
1246	pr_cont("\n");
1247
1248	pr_alert("%s%s ", torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
1249	pr_cont("Free-Block Circulation: ");
1250	for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++) {
1251		pr_cont(" %d", atomic_read(&rcu_torture_wcount[i]));
1252	}
1253	pr_cont("\n");
1254
1255	if (cur_ops->stats)
1256		cur_ops->stats();
1257	if (rtcv_snap == rcu_torture_current_version &&
1258	    rcu_torture_current != NULL) {
1259		int __maybe_unused flags;
1260		unsigned long __maybe_unused gpnum;
1261		unsigned long __maybe_unused completed;
1262
1263		rcutorture_get_gp_data(cur_ops->ttype,
1264				       &flags, &gpnum, &completed);
1265		pr_alert("??? Writer stall state %d g%lu c%lu f%#x\n",
1266			 rcu_torture_writer_state,
1267			 gpnum, completed, flags);
1268		show_rcu_gp_kthreads();
1269		rcutorture_trace_dump();
1270	}
1271	rtcv_snap = rcu_torture_current_version;
1272}
1273
1274/*
1275 * Periodically prints torture statistics, if periodic statistics printing
1276 * was specified via the stat_interval module parameter.
1277 */
1278static int
1279rcu_torture_stats(void *arg)
1280{
1281	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stats task started");
1282	do {
1283		schedule_timeout_interruptible(stat_interval * HZ);
1284		rcu_torture_stats_print();
1285		torture_shutdown_absorb("rcu_torture_stats");
1286	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1287	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_stats");
1288	return 0;
1289}
1290
1291static inline void
1292rcu_torture_print_module_parms(struct rcu_torture_ops *cur_ops, const char *tag)
1293{
1294	pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
1295		 "--- %s: nreaders=%d nfakewriters=%d "
1296		 "stat_interval=%d verbose=%d test_no_idle_hz=%d "
1297		 "shuffle_interval=%d stutter=%d irqreader=%d "
1298		 "fqs_duration=%d fqs_holdoff=%d fqs_stutter=%d "
1299		 "test_boost=%d/%d test_boost_interval=%d "
1300		 "test_boost_duration=%d shutdown_secs=%d "
1301		 "stall_cpu=%d stall_cpu_holdoff=%d "
1302		 "n_barrier_cbs=%d "
1303		 "onoff_interval=%d onoff_holdoff=%d\n",
1304		 torture_type, tag, nrealreaders, nfakewriters,
1305		 stat_interval, verbose, test_no_idle_hz, shuffle_interval,
1306		 stutter, irqreader, fqs_duration, fqs_holdoff, fqs_stutter,
1307		 test_boost, cur_ops->can_boost,
1308		 test_boost_interval, test_boost_duration, shutdown_secs,
1309		 stall_cpu, stall_cpu_holdoff,
1310		 n_barrier_cbs,
1311		 onoff_interval, onoff_holdoff);
1312}
1313
1314static void rcutorture_booster_cleanup(int cpu)
1315{
1316	struct task_struct *t;
1317
1318	if (boost_tasks[cpu] == NULL)
1319		return;
1320	mutex_lock(&boost_mutex);
1321	t = boost_tasks[cpu];
1322	boost_tasks[cpu] = NULL;
1323	mutex_unlock(&boost_mutex);
1324
1325	/* This must be outside of the mutex, otherwise deadlock! */
1326	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_boost, t);
1327}
1328
1329static int rcutorture_booster_init(int cpu)
1330{
1331	int retval;
1332
1333	if (boost_tasks[cpu] != NULL)
1334		return 0;  /* Already created, nothing more to do. */
1335
1336	/* Don't allow time recalculation while creating a new task. */
1337	mutex_lock(&boost_mutex);
1338	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("Creating rcu_torture_boost task");
1339	boost_tasks[cpu] = kthread_create_on_node(rcu_torture_boost, NULL,
1340						  cpu_to_node(cpu),
1341						  "rcu_torture_boost");
1342	if (IS_ERR(boost_tasks[cpu])) {
1343		retval = PTR_ERR(boost_tasks[cpu]);
1344		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_boost task create failed");
1345		n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror++;
1346		boost_tasks[cpu] = NULL;
1347		mutex_unlock(&boost_mutex);
1348		return retval;
1349	}
1350	kthread_bind(boost_tasks[cpu], cpu);
1351	wake_up_process(boost_tasks[cpu]);
1352	mutex_unlock(&boost_mutex);
1353	return 0;
1354}
1355
1356/*
1357 * CPU-stall kthread.  It waits as specified by stall_cpu_holdoff, then
1358 * induces a CPU stall for the time specified by stall_cpu.
1359 */
1360static int rcu_torture_stall(void *args)
1361{
1362	unsigned long stop_at;
1363
1364	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stall task started");
1365	if (stall_cpu_holdoff > 0) {
1366		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stall begin holdoff");
1367		schedule_timeout_interruptible(stall_cpu_holdoff * HZ);
1368		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stall end holdoff");
1369	}
1370	if (!kthread_should_stop()) {
1371		stop_at = get_seconds() + stall_cpu;
1372		/* RCU CPU stall is expected behavior in following code. */
1373		pr_alert("rcu_torture_stall start.\n");
1374		rcu_read_lock();
1375		preempt_disable();
1376		while (ULONG_CMP_LT(get_seconds(), stop_at))
1377			continue;  /* Induce RCU CPU stall warning. */
1378		preempt_enable();
1379		rcu_read_unlock();
1380		pr_alert("rcu_torture_stall end.\n");
1381	}
1382	torture_shutdown_absorb("rcu_torture_stall");
1383	while (!kthread_should_stop())
1384		schedule_timeout_interruptible(10 * HZ);
1385	return 0;
1386}
1387
1388/* Spawn CPU-stall kthread, if stall_cpu specified. */
1389static int __init rcu_torture_stall_init(void)
1390{
1391	if (stall_cpu <= 0)
1392		return 0;
1393	return torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_stall, NULL, stall_task);
1394}
1395
1396/* Callback function for RCU barrier testing. */
1397static void rcu_torture_barrier_cbf(struct rcu_head *rcu)
1398{
1399	atomic_inc(&barrier_cbs_invoked);
1400}
1401
1402/* kthread function to register callbacks used to test RCU barriers. */
1403static int rcu_torture_barrier_cbs(void *arg)
1404{
1405	long myid = (long)arg;
1406	bool lastphase = 0;
1407	bool newphase;
1408	struct rcu_head rcu;
1409
1410	init_rcu_head_on_stack(&rcu);
1411	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_barrier_cbs task started");
1412	set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
1413	do {
1414		wait_event(barrier_cbs_wq[myid],
1415			   (newphase =
1416			    ACCESS_ONCE(barrier_phase)) != lastphase ||
1417			   torture_must_stop());
1418		lastphase = newphase;
1419		smp_mb(); /* ensure barrier_phase load before ->call(). */
1420		if (torture_must_stop())
1421			break;
1422		cur_ops->call(&rcu, rcu_torture_barrier_cbf);
1423		if (atomic_dec_and_test(&barrier_cbs_count))
1424			wake_up(&barrier_wq);
1425	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1426	if (cur_ops->cb_barrier != NULL)
1427		cur_ops->cb_barrier();
1428	destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&rcu);
1429	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_barrier_cbs");
1430	return 0;
1431}
1432
1433/* kthread function to drive and coordinate RCU barrier testing. */
1434static int rcu_torture_barrier(void *arg)
1435{
1436	int i;
1437
1438	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_barrier task starting");
1439	do {
1440		atomic_set(&barrier_cbs_invoked, 0);
1441		atomic_set(&barrier_cbs_count, n_barrier_cbs);
1442		smp_mb(); /* Ensure barrier_phase after prior assignments. */
1443		barrier_phase = !barrier_phase;
1444		for (i = 0; i < n_barrier_cbs; i++)
1445			wake_up(&barrier_cbs_wq[i]);
1446		wait_event(barrier_wq,
1447			   atomic_read(&barrier_cbs_count) == 0 ||
1448			   torture_must_stop());
1449		if (torture_must_stop())
1450			break;
1451		n_barrier_attempts++;
1452		cur_ops->cb_barrier(); /* Implies smp_mb() for wait_event(). */
1453		if (atomic_read(&barrier_cbs_invoked) != n_barrier_cbs) {
1454			n_rcu_torture_barrier_error++;
1455			pr_err("barrier_cbs_invoked = %d, n_barrier_cbs = %d\n",
1456			       atomic_read(&barrier_cbs_invoked),
1457			       n_barrier_cbs);
1458			WARN_ON_ONCE(1);
1459		}
1460		n_barrier_successes++;
1461		schedule_timeout_interruptible(HZ / 10);
1462	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1463	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_barrier");
1464	return 0;
1465}
1466
1467/* Initialize RCU barrier testing. */
1468static int rcu_torture_barrier_init(void)
1469{
1470	int i;
1471	int ret;
1472
1473	if (n_barrier_cbs == 0)
1474		return 0;
1475	if (cur_ops->call == NULL || cur_ops->cb_barrier == NULL) {
1476		pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
1477			 " Call or barrier ops missing for %s,\n",
1478			 torture_type, cur_ops->name);
1479		pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
1480			 " RCU barrier testing omitted from run.\n",
1481			 torture_type);
1482		return 0;
1483	}
1484	atomic_set(&barrier_cbs_count, 0);
1485	atomic_set(&barrier_cbs_invoked, 0);
1486	barrier_cbs_tasks =
1487		kzalloc(n_barrier_cbs * sizeof(barrier_cbs_tasks[0]),
1488			GFP_KERNEL);
1489	barrier_cbs_wq =
1490		kzalloc(n_barrier_cbs * sizeof(barrier_cbs_wq[0]),
1491			GFP_KERNEL);
1492	if (barrier_cbs_tasks == NULL || !barrier_cbs_wq)
1493		return -ENOMEM;
1494	for (i = 0; i < n_barrier_cbs; i++) {
1495		init_waitqueue_head(&barrier_cbs_wq[i]);
1496		ret = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_barrier_cbs,
1497					     (void *)(long)i,
1498					     barrier_cbs_tasks[i]);
1499		if (ret)
1500			return ret;
1501	}
1502	return torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_barrier, NULL, barrier_task);
1503}
1504
1505/* Clean up after RCU barrier testing. */
1506static void rcu_torture_barrier_cleanup(void)
1507{
1508	int i;
1509
1510	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_barrier, barrier_task);
1511	if (barrier_cbs_tasks != NULL) {
1512		for (i = 0; i < n_barrier_cbs; i++)
1513			torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_barrier_cbs,
1514					     barrier_cbs_tasks[i]);
1515		kfree(barrier_cbs_tasks);
1516		barrier_cbs_tasks = NULL;
1517	}
1518	if (barrier_cbs_wq != NULL) {
1519		kfree(barrier_cbs_wq);
1520		barrier_cbs_wq = NULL;
1521	}
1522}
1523
1524static int rcutorture_cpu_notify(struct notifier_block *self,
1525				 unsigned long action, void *hcpu)
1526{
1527	long cpu = (long)hcpu;
1528
1529	switch (action) {
1530	case CPU_ONLINE:
1531	case CPU_DOWN_FAILED:
1532		(void)rcutorture_booster_init(cpu);
1533		break;
1534	case CPU_DOWN_PREPARE:
1535		rcutorture_booster_cleanup(cpu);
1536		break;
1537	default:
1538		break;
1539	}
1540	return NOTIFY_OK;
1541}
1542
1543static struct notifier_block rcutorture_cpu_nb = {
1544	.notifier_call = rcutorture_cpu_notify,
1545};
1546
1547static void
1548rcu_torture_cleanup(void)
1549{
1550	int i;
1551
1552	rcutorture_record_test_transition();
1553	if (torture_cleanup_begin()) {
1554		if (cur_ops->cb_barrier != NULL)
1555			cur_ops->cb_barrier();
1556		return;
1557	}
1558
1559	rcu_torture_barrier_cleanup();
1560	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_stall, stall_task);
1561	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_writer, writer_task);
1562
1563	if (reader_tasks) {
1564		for (i = 0; i < nrealreaders; i++)
1565			torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_reader,
1566					     reader_tasks[i]);
1567		kfree(reader_tasks);
1568	}
1569	rcu_torture_current = NULL;
1570
1571	if (fakewriter_tasks) {
1572		for (i = 0; i < nfakewriters; i++) {
1573			torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_fakewriter,
1574					     fakewriter_tasks[i]);
1575		}
1576		kfree(fakewriter_tasks);
1577		fakewriter_tasks = NULL;
1578	}
1579
1580	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_stats, stats_task);
1581	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_fqs, fqs_task);
1582	for (i = 0; i < ncbflooders; i++)
1583		torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_cbflood, cbflood_task[i]);
1584	if ((test_boost == 1 && cur_ops->can_boost) ||
1585	    test_boost == 2) {
1586		unregister_cpu_notifier(&rcutorture_cpu_nb);
1587		for_each_possible_cpu(i)
1588			rcutorture_booster_cleanup(i);
1589	}
1590
1591	/* Wait for all RCU callbacks to fire.  */
1592
1593	if (cur_ops->cb_barrier != NULL)
1594		cur_ops->cb_barrier();
1595
1596	rcu_torture_stats_print();  /* -After- the stats thread is stopped! */
1597
1598	if (atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_error) || n_rcu_torture_barrier_error)
1599		rcu_torture_print_module_parms(cur_ops, "End of test: FAILURE");
1600	else if (torture_onoff_failures())
1601		rcu_torture_print_module_parms(cur_ops,
1602					       "End of test: RCU_HOTPLUG");
1603	else
1604		rcu_torture_print_module_parms(cur_ops, "End of test: SUCCESS");
1605	torture_cleanup_end();
1606}
1607
1608#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD
1609static void rcu_torture_leak_cb(struct rcu_head *rhp)
1610{
1611}
1612
1613static void rcu_torture_err_cb(struct rcu_head *rhp)
1614{
1615	/*
1616	 * This -might- happen due to race conditions, but is unlikely.
1617	 * The scenario that leads to this happening is that the
1618	 * first of the pair of duplicate callbacks is queued,
1619	 * someone else starts a grace period that includes that
1620	 * callback, then the second of the pair must wait for the
1621	 * next grace period.  Unlikely, but can happen.  If it
1622	 * does happen, the debug-objects subsystem won't have splatted.
1623	 */
1624	pr_alert("rcutorture: duplicated callback was invoked.\n");
1625}
1626#endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD */
1627
1628/*
1629 * Verify that double-free causes debug-objects to complain, but only
1630 * if CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD=y.  Otherwise, say that the test
1631 * cannot be carried out.
1632 */
1633static void rcu_test_debug_objects(void)
1634{
1635#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD
1636	struct rcu_head rh1;
1637	struct rcu_head rh2;
1638
1639	init_rcu_head_on_stack(&rh1);
1640	init_rcu_head_on_stack(&rh2);
1641	pr_alert("rcutorture: WARN: Duplicate call_rcu() test starting.\n");
1642
1643	/* Try to queue the rh2 pair of callbacks for the same grace period. */
1644	preempt_disable(); /* Prevent preemption from interrupting test. */
1645	rcu_read_lock(); /* Make it impossible to finish a grace period. */
1646	call_rcu(&rh1, rcu_torture_leak_cb); /* Start grace period. */
1647	local_irq_disable(); /* Make it harder to start a new grace period. */
1648	call_rcu(&rh2, rcu_torture_leak_cb);
1649	call_rcu(&rh2, rcu_torture_err_cb); /* Duplicate callback. */
1650	local_irq_enable();
1651	rcu_read_unlock();
1652	preempt_enable();
1653
1654	/* Wait for them all to get done so we can safely return. */
1655	rcu_barrier();
1656	pr_alert("rcutorture: WARN: Duplicate call_rcu() test complete.\n");
1657	destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&rh1);
1658	destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&rh2);
1659#else /* #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD */
1660	pr_alert("rcutorture: !CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD, not testing duplicate call_rcu()\n");
1661#endif /* #else #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD */
1662}
1663
1664static int __init
1665rcu_torture_init(void)
1666{
1667	int i;
1668	int cpu;
1669	int firsterr = 0;
1670	static struct rcu_torture_ops *torture_ops[] = {
1671		&rcu_ops, &rcu_bh_ops, &rcu_busted_ops, &srcu_ops, &sched_ops,
1672		RCUTORTURE_TASKS_OPS
1673	};
1674
1675	if (!torture_init_begin(torture_type, verbose, &torture_runnable))
1676		return -EBUSY;
1677
1678	/* Process args and tell the world that the torturer is on the job. */
1679	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(torture_ops); i++) {
1680		cur_ops = torture_ops[i];
1681		if (strcmp(torture_type, cur_ops->name) == 0)
1682			break;
1683	}
1684	if (i == ARRAY_SIZE(torture_ops)) {
1685		pr_alert("rcu-torture: invalid torture type: \"%s\"\n",
1686			 torture_type);
1687		pr_alert("rcu-torture types:");
1688		for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(torture_ops); i++)
1689			pr_alert(" %s", torture_ops[i]->name);
1690		pr_alert("\n");
1691		torture_init_end();
1692		return -EINVAL;
1693	}
1694	if (cur_ops->fqs == NULL && fqs_duration != 0) {
1695		pr_alert("rcu-torture: ->fqs NULL and non-zero fqs_duration, fqs disabled.\n");
1696		fqs_duration = 0;
1697	}
1698	if (cur_ops->init)
1699		cur_ops->init(); /* no "goto unwind" prior to this point!!! */
1700
1701	if (nreaders >= 0) {
1702		nrealreaders = nreaders;
1703	} else {
1704		nrealreaders = num_online_cpus() - 1;
1705		if (nrealreaders <= 0)
1706			nrealreaders = 1;
1707	}
1708	rcu_torture_print_module_parms(cur_ops, "Start of test");
1709
1710	/* Set up the freelist. */
1711
1712	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&rcu_torture_freelist);
1713	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(rcu_tortures); i++) {
1714		rcu_tortures[i].rtort_mbtest = 0;
1715		list_add_tail(&rcu_tortures[i].rtort_free,
1716			      &rcu_torture_freelist);
1717	}
1718
1719	/* Initialize the statistics so that each run gets its own numbers. */
1720
1721	rcu_torture_current = NULL;
1722	rcu_torture_current_version = 0;
1723	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_alloc, 0);
1724	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_alloc_fail, 0);
1725	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_free, 0);
1726	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_mberror, 0);
1727	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_error, 0);
1728	n_rcu_torture_barrier_error = 0;
1729	n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror = 0;
1730	n_rcu_torture_boost_rterror = 0;
1731	n_rcu_torture_boost_failure = 0;
1732	n_rcu_torture_boosts = 0;
1733	for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++)
1734		atomic_set(&rcu_torture_wcount[i], 0);
1735	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
1736		for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++) {
1737			per_cpu(rcu_torture_count, cpu)[i] = 0;
1738			per_cpu(rcu_torture_batch, cpu)[i] = 0;
1739		}
1740	}
1741
1742	/* Start up the kthreads. */
1743
1744	firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_writer, NULL,
1745					  writer_task);
1746	if (firsterr)
1747		goto unwind;
1748	fakewriter_tasks = kzalloc(nfakewriters * sizeof(fakewriter_tasks[0]),
1749				   GFP_KERNEL);
1750	if (fakewriter_tasks == NULL) {
1751		VERBOSE_TOROUT_ERRSTRING("out of memory");
1752		firsterr = -ENOMEM;
1753		goto unwind;
1754	}
1755	for (i = 0; i < nfakewriters; i++) {
1756		firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_fakewriter,
1757						  NULL, fakewriter_tasks[i]);
1758		if (firsterr)
1759			goto unwind;
1760	}
1761	reader_tasks = kzalloc(nrealreaders * sizeof(reader_tasks[0]),
1762			       GFP_KERNEL);
1763	if (reader_tasks == NULL) {
1764		VERBOSE_TOROUT_ERRSTRING("out of memory");
1765		firsterr = -ENOMEM;
1766		goto unwind;
1767	}
1768	for (i = 0; i < nrealreaders; i++) {
1769		firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_reader, NULL,
1770						  reader_tasks[i]);
1771		if (firsterr)
1772			goto unwind;
1773	}
1774	if (stat_interval > 0) {
1775		firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_stats, NULL,
1776						  stats_task);
1777		if (firsterr)
1778			goto unwind;
1779	}
1780	if (test_no_idle_hz) {
1781		firsterr = torture_shuffle_init(shuffle_interval * HZ);
1782		if (firsterr)
1783			goto unwind;
1784	}
1785	if (stutter < 0)
1786		stutter = 0;
1787	if (stutter) {
1788		firsterr = torture_stutter_init(stutter * HZ);
1789		if (firsterr)
1790			goto unwind;
1791	}
1792	if (fqs_duration < 0)
1793		fqs_duration = 0;
1794	if (fqs_duration) {
1795		/* Create the fqs thread */
1796		firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_fqs, NULL,
1797						  fqs_task);
1798		if (firsterr)
1799			goto unwind;
1800	}
1801	if (test_boost_interval < 1)
1802		test_boost_interval = 1;
1803	if (test_boost_duration < 2)
1804		test_boost_duration = 2;
1805	if ((test_boost == 1 && cur_ops->can_boost) ||
1806	    test_boost == 2) {
1807
1808		boost_starttime = jiffies + test_boost_interval * HZ;
1809		register_cpu_notifier(&rcutorture_cpu_nb);
1810		for_each_possible_cpu(i) {
1811			if (cpu_is_offline(i))
1812				continue;  /* Heuristic: CPU can go offline. */
1813			firsterr = rcutorture_booster_init(i);
1814			if (firsterr)
1815				goto unwind;
1816		}
1817	}
1818	firsterr = torture_shutdown_init(shutdown_secs, rcu_torture_cleanup);
1819	if (firsterr)
1820		goto unwind;
1821	firsterr = torture_onoff_init(onoff_holdoff * HZ, onoff_interval * HZ);
1822	if (firsterr)
1823		goto unwind;
1824	firsterr = rcu_torture_stall_init();
1825	if (firsterr)
1826		goto unwind;
1827	firsterr = rcu_torture_barrier_init();
1828	if (firsterr)
1829		goto unwind;
1830	if (object_debug)
1831		rcu_test_debug_objects();
1832	if (cbflood_n_burst > 0) {
1833		/* Create the cbflood threads */
1834		ncbflooders = (num_online_cpus() + 3) / 4;
1835		cbflood_task = kcalloc(ncbflooders, sizeof(*cbflood_task),
1836				       GFP_KERNEL);
1837		if (!cbflood_task) {
1838			VERBOSE_TOROUT_ERRSTRING("out of memory");
1839			firsterr = -ENOMEM;
1840			goto unwind;
1841		}
1842		for (i = 0; i < ncbflooders; i++) {
1843			firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_cbflood,
1844							  NULL,
1845							  cbflood_task[i]);
1846			if (firsterr)
1847				goto unwind;
1848		}
1849	}
1850	rcutorture_record_test_transition();
1851	torture_init_end();
1852	return 0;
1853
1854unwind:
1855	torture_init_end();
1856	rcu_torture_cleanup();
1857	return firsterr;
1858}
1859
1860module_init(rcu_torture_init);
1861module_exit(rcu_torture_cleanup);
1862