root/arch/sh/kernel/dwarf.c

DEFINITIONS

1. dwarf_frame_alloc_reg
2. dwarf_frame_free_regs
3. dwarf_frame_reg
4. dwarf_read_addr
5. dwarf_read_uleb128
6. dwarf_read_leb128
7. dwarf_read_encoded_value
8. dwarf_entry_len
9. dwarf_lookup_cie
10. dwarf_lookup_fde
11. dwarf_cfa_execute_insns
12. dwarf_free_frame
13. dwarf_unwind_stack
14. dwarf_parse_cie
15. dwarf_parse_fde
16. dwarf_unwinder_dump
17. dwarf_unwinder_cleanup
18. dwarf_parse_section
19. module_dwarf_finalize
20. module_dwarf_cleanup
21. dwarf_unwinder_init

   1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
   2 /*
   3  * Copyright (C) 2009 Matt Fleming <matt@console-pimps.org>
   4  *
   5  * This is an implementation of a DWARF unwinder. Its main purpose is
   6  * for generating stacktrace information. Based on the DWARF 3
   7  * specification from http://www.dwarfstd.org.
   8  *
   9  * TODO:
  10  *      - DWARF64 doesn't work.
  11  *      - Registers with DWARF_VAL_OFFSET rules aren't handled properly.
  12  */
  13 
  14 /* #define DEBUG */
  15 #include <linux/kernel.h>
  16 #include <linux/io.h>
  17 #include <linux/list.h>
  18 #include <linux/mempool.h>
  19 #include <linux/mm.h>
  20 #include <linux/elf.h>
  21 #include <linux/ftrace.h>
  22 #include <linux/module.h>
  23 #include <linux/slab.h>
  24 #include <asm/dwarf.h>
  25 #include <asm/unwinder.h>
  26 #include <asm/sections.h>
  27 #include <asm/unaligned.h>
  28 #include <asm/stacktrace.h>
  29 
  30 /* Reserve enough memory for two stack frames */
  31 #define DWARF_FRAME_MIN_REQ     2
  32 /* ... with 4 registers per frame. */
  33 #define DWARF_REG_MIN_REQ       (DWARF_FRAME_MIN_REQ * 4)
  34 
  35 static struct kmem_cache *dwarf_frame_cachep;
  36 static mempool_t *dwarf_frame_pool;
  37 
  38 static struct kmem_cache *dwarf_reg_cachep;
  39 static mempool_t *dwarf_reg_pool;
  40 
  41 static struct rb_root cie_root;
  42 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(dwarf_cie_lock);
  43 
  44 static struct rb_root fde_root;
  45 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(dwarf_fde_lock);
  46 
  47 static struct dwarf_cie *cached_cie;
  48 
  49 static unsigned int dwarf_unwinder_ready;
  50 
  51 /**
  52  *      dwarf_frame_alloc_reg - allocate memory for a DWARF register
  53  *      @frame: the DWARF frame whose list of registers we insert on
  54  *      @reg_num: the register number
  55  *
  56  *      Allocate space for, and initialise, a dwarf reg from
  57  *      dwarf_reg_pool and insert it onto the (unsorted) linked-list of
  58  *      dwarf registers for @frame.
  59  *
  60  *      Return the initialised DWARF reg.
  61  */
  62 static struct dwarf_reg *dwarf_frame_alloc_reg(struct dwarf_frame *frame,
  63                                                unsigned int reg_num)
  64 {
  65         struct dwarf_reg *reg;
  66 
  67         reg = mempool_alloc(dwarf_reg_pool, GFP_ATOMIC);
  68         if (!reg) {
  69                 printk(KERN_WARNING "Unable to allocate a DWARF register\n");
  70                 /*
  71                  * Let's just bomb hard here, we have no way to
  72                  * gracefully recover.
  73                  */
  74                 UNWINDER_BUG();
  75         }
  76 
  77         reg->number = reg_num;
  78         reg->addr = 0;
  79         reg->flags = 0;
  80 
  81         list_add(&reg->link, &frame->reg_list);
  82 
  83         return reg;
  84 }
  85 
  86 static void dwarf_frame_free_regs(struct dwarf_frame *frame)
  87 {
  88         struct dwarf_reg *reg, *n;
  89 
  90         list_for_each_entry_safe(reg, n, &frame->reg_list, link) {
  91                 list_del(&reg->link);
  92                 mempool_free(reg, dwarf_reg_pool);
  93         }
  94 }
  95 
  96 /**
  97  *      dwarf_frame_reg - return a DWARF register
  98  *      @frame: the DWARF frame to search in for @reg_num
  99  *      @reg_num: the register number to search for
 100  *
 101  *      Lookup and return the dwarf reg @reg_num for this frame. Return
 102  *      NULL if @reg_num is an register invalid number.
 103  */
 104 static struct dwarf_reg *dwarf_frame_reg(struct dwarf_frame *frame,
 105                                          unsigned int reg_num)
 106 {
 107         struct dwarf_reg *reg;
 108 
 109         list_for_each_entry(reg, &frame->reg_list, link) {
 110                 if (reg->number == reg_num)
 111                         return reg;
 112         }
 113 
 114         return NULL;
 115 }
 116 
 117 /**
 118  *      dwarf_read_addr - read dwarf data
 119  *      @src: source address of data
 120  *      @dst: destination address to store the data to
 121  *
 122  *      Read 'n' bytes from @src, where 'n' is the size of an address on
 123  *      the native machine. We return the number of bytes read, which
 124  *      should always be 'n'. We also have to be careful when reading
 125  *      from @src and writing to @dst, because they can be arbitrarily
 126  *      aligned. Return 'n' - the number of bytes read.
 127  */
 128 static inline int dwarf_read_addr(unsigned long *src, unsigned long *dst)
 129 {
 130         u32 val = get_unaligned(src);
 131         put_unaligned(val, dst);
 132         return sizeof(unsigned long *);
 133 }
 134 
 135 /**
 136  *      dwarf_read_uleb128 - read unsigned LEB128 data
 137  *      @addr: the address where the ULEB128 data is stored
 138  *      @ret: address to store the result
 139  *
 140  *      Decode an unsigned LEB128 encoded datum. The algorithm is taken
 141  *      from Appendix C of the DWARF 3 spec. For information on the
 142  *      encodings refer to section "7.6 - Variable Length Data". Return
 143  *      the number of bytes read.
 144  */
 145 static inline unsigned long dwarf_read_uleb128(char *addr, unsigned int *ret)
 146 {
 147         unsigned int result;
 148         unsigned char byte;
 149         int shift, count;
 150 
 151         result = 0;
 152         shift = 0;
 153         count = 0;
 154 
 155         while (1) {
 156                 byte = __raw_readb(addr);
 157                 addr++;
 158                 count++;
 159 
 160                 result |= (byte & 0x7f) << shift;
 161                 shift += 7;
 162 
 163                 if (!(byte & 0x80))
 164                         break;
 165         }
 166 
 167         *ret = result;
 168 
 169         return count;
 170 }
 171 
 172 /**
 173  *      dwarf_read_leb128 - read signed LEB128 data
 174  *      @addr: the address of the LEB128 encoded data
 175  *      @ret: address to store the result
 176  *
 177  *      Decode signed LEB128 data. The algorithm is taken from Appendix
 178  *      C of the DWARF 3 spec. Return the number of bytes read.
 179  */
 180 static inline unsigned long dwarf_read_leb128(char *addr, int *ret)
 181 {
 182         unsigned char byte;
 183         int result, shift;
 184         int num_bits;
 185         int count;
 186 
 187         result = 0;
 188         shift = 0;
 189         count = 0;
 190 
 191         while (1) {
 192                 byte = __raw_readb(addr);
 193                 addr++;
 194                 result |= (byte & 0x7f) << shift;
 195                 shift += 7;
 196                 count++;
 197 
 198                 if (!(byte & 0x80))
 199                         break;
 200         }
 201 
 202         /* The number of bits in a signed integer. */
 203         num_bits = 8 * sizeof(result);
 204 
 205         if ((shift < num_bits) && (byte & 0x40))
 206                 result |= (-1 << shift);
 207 
 208         *ret = result;
 209 
 210         return count;
 211 }
 212 
 213 /**
 214  *      dwarf_read_encoded_value - return the decoded value at @addr
 215  *      @addr: the address of the encoded value
 216  *      @val: where to write the decoded value
 217  *      @encoding: the encoding with which we can decode @addr
 218  *
 219  *      GCC emits encoded address in the .eh_frame FDE entries. Decode
 220  *      the value at @addr using @encoding. The decoded value is written
 221  *      to @val and the number of bytes read is returned.
 222  */
 223 static int dwarf_read_encoded_value(char *addr, unsigned long *val,
 224                                     char encoding)
 225 {
 226         unsigned long decoded_addr = 0;
 227         int count = 0;
 228 
 229         switch (encoding & 0x70) {
 230         case DW_EH_PE_absptr:
 231                 break;
 232         case DW_EH_PE_pcrel:
 233                 decoded_addr = (unsigned long)addr;
 234                 break;
 235         default:
 236                 pr_debug("encoding=0x%x\n", (encoding & 0x70));
 237                 UNWINDER_BUG();
 238         }
 239 
 240         if ((encoding & 0x07) == 0x00)
 241                 encoding |= DW_EH_PE_udata4;
 242 
 243         switch (encoding & 0x0f) {
 244         case DW_EH_PE_sdata4:
 245         case DW_EH_PE_udata4:
 246                 count += 4;
 247                 decoded_addr += get_unaligned((u32 *)addr);
 248                 __raw_writel(decoded_addr, val);
 249                 break;
 250         default:
 251                 pr_debug("encoding=0x%x\n", encoding);
 252                 UNWINDER_BUG();
 253         }
 254 
 255         return count;
 256 }
 257 
 258 /**
 259  *      dwarf_entry_len - return the length of an FDE or CIE
 260  *      @addr: the address of the entry
 261  *      @len: the length of the entry
 262  *
 263  *      Read the initial_length field of the entry and store the size of
 264  *      the entry in @len. We return the number of bytes read. Return a
 265  *      count of 0 on error.
 266  */
 267 static inline int dwarf_entry_len(char *addr, unsigned long *len)
 268 {
 269         u32 initial_len;
 270         int count;
 271 
 272         initial_len = get_unaligned((u32 *)addr);
 273         count = 4;
 274 
 275         /*
 276          * An initial length field value in the range DW_LEN_EXT_LO -
 277          * DW_LEN_EXT_HI indicates an extension, and should not be
 278          * interpreted as a length. The only extension that we currently
 279          * understand is the use of DWARF64 addresses.
 280          */
 281         if (initial_len >= DW_EXT_LO && initial_len <= DW_EXT_HI) {
 282                 /*
 283                  * The 64-bit length field immediately follows the
 284                  * compulsory 32-bit length field.
 285                  */
 286                 if (initial_len == DW_EXT_DWARF64) {
 287                         *len = get_unaligned((u64 *)addr + 4);
 288                         count = 12;
 289                 } else {
 290                         printk(KERN_WARNING "Unknown DWARF extension\n");
 291                         count = 0;
 292                 }
 293         } else
 294                 *len = initial_len;
 295 
 296         return count;
 297 }
 298 
 299 /**
 300  *      dwarf_lookup_cie - locate the cie
 301  *      @cie_ptr: pointer to help with lookup
 302  */
 303 static struct dwarf_cie *dwarf_lookup_cie(unsigned long cie_ptr)
 304 {
 305         struct rb_node **rb_node = &cie_root.rb_node;
 306         struct dwarf_cie *cie = NULL;
 307         unsigned long flags;
 308 
 309         spin_lock_irqsave(&dwarf_cie_lock, flags);
 310 
 311         /*
 312          * We've cached the last CIE we looked up because chances are
 313          * that the FDE wants this CIE.
 314          */
 315         if (cached_cie && cached_cie->cie_pointer == cie_ptr) {
 316                 cie = cached_cie;
 317                 goto out;
 318         }
 319 
 320         while (*rb_node) {
 321                 struct dwarf_cie *cie_tmp;
 322 
 323                 cie_tmp = rb_entry(*rb_node, struct dwarf_cie, node);
 324                 BUG_ON(!cie_tmp);
 325 
 326                 if (cie_ptr == cie_tmp->cie_pointer) {
 327                         cie = cie_tmp;
 328                         cached_cie = cie_tmp;
 329                         goto out;
 330                 } else {
 331                         if (cie_ptr < cie_tmp->cie_pointer)
 332                                 rb_node = &(*rb_node)->rb_left;
 333                         else
 334                                 rb_node = &(*rb_node)->rb_right;
 335                 }
 336         }
 337 
 338 out:
 339         spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dwarf_cie_lock, flags);
 340         return cie;
 341 }
 342 
 343 /**
 344  *      dwarf_lookup_fde - locate the FDE that covers pc
 345  *      @pc: the program counter
 346  */
 347 struct dwarf_fde *dwarf_lookup_fde(unsigned long pc)
 348 {
 349         struct rb_node **rb_node = &fde_root.rb_node;
 350         struct dwarf_fde *fde = NULL;
 351         unsigned long flags;
 352 
 353         spin_lock_irqsave(&dwarf_fde_lock, flags);
 354 
 355         while (*rb_node) {
 356                 struct dwarf_fde *fde_tmp;
 357                 unsigned long tmp_start, tmp_end;
 358 
 359                 fde_tmp = rb_entry(*rb_node, struct dwarf_fde, node);
 360                 BUG_ON(!fde_tmp);
 361 
 362                 tmp_start = fde_tmp->initial_location;
 363                 tmp_end = fde_tmp->initial_location + fde_tmp->address_range;
 364 
 365                 if (pc < tmp_start) {
 366                         rb_node = &(*rb_node)->rb_left;
 367                 } else {
 368                         if (pc < tmp_end) {
 369                                 fde = fde_tmp;
 370                                 goto out;
 371                         } else
 372                                 rb_node = &(*rb_node)->rb_right;
 373                 }
 374         }
 375 
 376 out:
 377         spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dwarf_fde_lock, flags);
 378 
 379         return fde;
 380 }
 381 
 382 /**
 383  *      dwarf_cfa_execute_insns - execute instructions to calculate a CFA
 384  *      @insn_start: address of the first instruction
 385  *      @insn_end: address of the last instruction
 386  *      @cie: the CIE for this function
 387  *      @fde: the FDE for this function
 388  *      @frame: the instructions calculate the CFA for this frame
 389  *      @pc: the program counter of the address we're interested in
 390  *
 391  *      Execute the Call Frame instruction sequence starting at
 392  *      @insn_start and ending at @insn_end. The instructions describe
 393  *      how to calculate the Canonical Frame Address of a stackframe.
 394  *      Store the results in @frame.
 395  */
 396 static int dwarf_cfa_execute_insns(unsigned char *insn_start,
 397                                    unsigned char *insn_end,
 398                                    struct dwarf_cie *cie,
 399                                    struct dwarf_fde *fde,
 400                                    struct dwarf_frame *frame,
 401                                    unsigned long pc)
 402 {
 403         unsigned char insn;
 404         unsigned char *current_insn;
 405         unsigned int count, delta, reg, expr_len, offset;
 406         struct dwarf_reg *regp;
 407 
 408         current_insn = insn_start;
 409 
 410         while (current_insn < insn_end && frame->pc <= pc) {
 411                 insn = __raw_readb(current_insn++);
 412 
 413                 /*
 414                  * Firstly, handle the opcodes that embed their operands
 415                  * in the instructions.
 416                  */
 417                 switch (DW_CFA_opcode(insn)) {
 418                 case DW_CFA_advance_loc:
 419                         delta = DW_CFA_operand(insn);
 420                         delta *= cie->code_alignment_factor;
 421                         frame->pc += delta;
 422                         continue;
 423                         /* NOTREACHED */
 424                 case DW_CFA_offset:
 425                         reg = DW_CFA_operand(insn);
 426                         count = dwarf_read_uleb128(current_insn, &offset);
 427                         current_insn += count;
 428                         offset *= cie->data_alignment_factor;
 429                         regp = dwarf_frame_alloc_reg(frame, reg);
 430                         regp->addr = offset;
 431                         regp->flags |= DWARF_REG_OFFSET;
 432                         continue;
 433                         /* NOTREACHED */
 434                 case DW_CFA_restore:
 435                         reg = DW_CFA_operand(insn);
 436                         continue;
 437                         /* NOTREACHED */
 438                 }
 439 
 440                 /*
 441                  * Secondly, handle the opcodes that don't embed their
 442                  * operands in the instruction.
 443                  */
 444                 switch (insn) {
 445                 case DW_CFA_nop:
 446                         continue;
 447                 case DW_CFA_advance_loc1:
 448                         delta = *current_insn++;
 449                         frame->pc += delta * cie->code_alignment_factor;
 450                         break;
 451                 case DW_CFA_advance_loc2:
 452                         delta = get_unaligned((u16 *)current_insn);
 453                         current_insn += 2;
 454                         frame->pc += delta * cie->code_alignment_factor;
 455                         break;
 456                 case DW_CFA_advance_loc4:
 457                         delta = get_unaligned((u32 *)current_insn);
 458                         current_insn += 4;
 459                         frame->pc += delta * cie->code_alignment_factor;
 460                         break;
 461                 case DW_CFA_offset_extended:
 462                         count = dwarf_read_uleb128(current_insn, &reg);
 463                         current_insn += count;
 464                         count = dwarf_read_uleb128(current_insn, &offset);
 465                         current_insn += count;
 466                         offset *= cie->data_alignment_factor;
 467                         break;
 468                 case DW_CFA_restore_extended:
 469                         count = dwarf_read_uleb128(current_insn, &reg);
 470                         current_insn += count;
 471                         break;
 472                 case DW_CFA_undefined:
 473                         count = dwarf_read_uleb128(current_insn, &reg);
 474                         current_insn += count;
 475                         regp = dwarf_frame_alloc_reg(frame, reg);
 476                         regp->flags |= DWARF_UNDEFINED;
 477                         break;
 478                 case DW_CFA_def_cfa:
 479                         count = dwarf_read_uleb128(current_insn,
 480                                                    &frame->cfa_register);
 481                         current_insn += count;
 482                         count = dwarf_read_uleb128(current_insn,
 483                                                    &frame->cfa_offset);
 484                         current_insn += count;
 485 
 486                         frame->flags |= DWARF_FRAME_CFA_REG_OFFSET;
 487                         break;
 488                 case DW_CFA_def_cfa_register:
 489                         count = dwarf_read_uleb128(current_insn,
 490                                                    &frame->cfa_register);
 491                         current_insn += count;
 492                         frame->flags |= DWARF_FRAME_CFA_REG_OFFSET;
 493                         break;
 494                 case DW_CFA_def_cfa_offset:
 495                         count = dwarf_read_uleb128(current_insn, &offset);
 496                         current_insn += count;
 497                         frame->cfa_offset = offset;
 498                         break;
 499                 case DW_CFA_def_cfa_expression:
 500                         count = dwarf_read_uleb128(current_insn, &expr_len);
 501                         current_insn += count;
 502 
 503                         frame->cfa_expr = current_insn;
 504                         frame->cfa_expr_len = expr_len;
 505                         current_insn += expr_len;
 506 
 507                         frame->flags |= DWARF_FRAME_CFA_REG_EXP;
 508                         break;
 509                 case DW_CFA_offset_extended_sf:
 510                         count = dwarf_read_uleb128(current_insn, &reg);
 511                         current_insn += count;
 512                         count = dwarf_read_leb128(current_insn, &offset);
 513                         current_insn += count;
 514                         offset *= cie->data_alignment_factor;
 515                         regp = dwarf_frame_alloc_reg(frame, reg);
 516                         regp->flags |= DWARF_REG_OFFSET;
 517                         regp->addr = offset;
 518                         break;
 519                 case DW_CFA_val_offset:
 520                         count = dwarf_read_uleb128(current_insn, &reg);
 521                         current_insn += count;
 522                         count = dwarf_read_leb128(current_insn, &offset);
 523                         offset *= cie->data_alignment_factor;
 524                         regp = dwarf_frame_alloc_reg(frame, reg);
 525                         regp->flags |= DWARF_VAL_OFFSET;
 526                         regp->addr = offset;
 527                         break;
 528                 case DW_CFA_GNU_args_size:
 529                         count = dwarf_read_uleb128(current_insn, &offset);
 530                         current_insn += count;
 531                         break;
 532                 case DW_CFA_GNU_negative_offset_extended:
 533                         count = dwarf_read_uleb128(current_insn, &reg);
 534                         current_insn += count;
 535                         count = dwarf_read_uleb128(current_insn, &offset);
 536                         offset *= cie->data_alignment_factor;
 537 
 538                         regp = dwarf_frame_alloc_reg(frame, reg);
 539                         regp->flags |= DWARF_REG_OFFSET;
 540                         regp->addr = -offset;
 541                         break;
 542                 default:
 543                         pr_debug("unhandled DWARF instruction 0x%x\n", insn);
 544                         UNWINDER_BUG();
 545                         break;
 546                 }
 547         }
 548 
 549         return 0;
 550 }
 551 
 552 /**
 553  *      dwarf_free_frame - free the memory allocated for @frame
 554  *      @frame: the frame to free
 555  */
 556 void dwarf_free_frame(struct dwarf_frame *frame)
 557 {
 558         dwarf_frame_free_regs(frame);
 559         mempool_free(frame, dwarf_frame_pool);
 560 }
 561 
 562 extern void ret_from_irq(void);
 563 
 564 /**
 565  *      dwarf_unwind_stack - unwind the stack
 566  *
 567  *      @pc: address of the function to unwind
 568  *      @prev: struct dwarf_frame of the previous stackframe on the callstack
 569  *
 570  *      Return a struct dwarf_frame representing the most recent frame
 571  *      on the callstack. Each of the lower (older) stack frames are
 572  *      linked via the "prev" member.
 573  */
 574 struct dwarf_frame *dwarf_unwind_stack(unsigned long pc,
 575                                        struct dwarf_frame *prev)
 576 {
 577         struct dwarf_frame *frame;
 578         struct dwarf_cie *cie;
 579         struct dwarf_fde *fde;
 580         struct dwarf_reg *reg;
 581         unsigned long addr;
 582 
 583         /*
 584          * If we've been called in to before initialization has
 585          * completed, bail out immediately.
 586          */
 587         if (!dwarf_unwinder_ready)
 588                 return NULL;
 589 
 590         /*
 591          * If we're starting at the top of the stack we need get the
 592          * contents of a physical register to get the CFA in order to
 593          * begin the virtual unwinding of the stack.
 594          *
 595          * NOTE: the return address is guaranteed to be setup by the
 596          * time this function makes its first function call.
 597          */
 598         if (!pc || !prev)
 599                 pc = _THIS_IP_;
 600 
 601 #ifdef CONFIG_FUNCTION_GRAPH_TRACER
 602         /*
 603          * If our stack has been patched by the function graph tracer
 604          * then we might see the address of return_to_handler() where we
 605          * expected to find the real return address.
 606          */
 607         if (pc == (unsigned long)&return_to_handler) {
 608                 struct ftrace_ret_stack *ret_stack;
 609 
 610                 ret_stack = ftrace_graph_get_ret_stack(current, 0);
 611                 if (ret_stack)
 612                         pc = ret_stack->ret;
 613                 /*
 614                  * We currently have no way of tracking how many
 615                  * return_to_handler()'s we've seen. If there is more
 616                  * than one patched return address on our stack,
 617                  * complain loudly.
 618                  */
 619                 WARN_ON(ftrace_graph_get_ret_stack(current, 1));
 620         }
 621 #endif
 622 
 623         frame = mempool_alloc(dwarf_frame_pool, GFP_ATOMIC);
 624         if (!frame) {
 625                 printk(KERN_ERR "Unable to allocate a dwarf frame\n");
 626                 UNWINDER_BUG();
 627         }
 628 
 629         INIT_LIST_HEAD(&frame->reg_list);
 630         frame->flags = 0;
 631         frame->prev = prev;
 632         frame->return_addr = 0;
 633 
 634         fde = dwarf_lookup_fde(pc);
 635         if (!fde) {
 636                 /*
 637                  * This is our normal exit path. There are two reasons
 638                  * why we might exit here,
 639                  *
 640                  *      a) pc has no asscociated DWARF frame info and so
 641                  *      we don't know how to unwind this frame. This is
 642                  *      usually the case when we're trying to unwind a
 643                  *      frame that was called from some assembly code
 644                  *      that has no DWARF info, e.g. syscalls.
 645                  *
 646                  *      b) the DEBUG info for pc is bogus. There's
 647                  *      really no way to distinguish this case from the
 648                  *      case above, which sucks because we could print a
 649                  *      warning here.
 650                  */
 651                 goto bail;
 652         }
 653 
 654         cie = dwarf_lookup_cie(fde->cie_pointer);
 655 
 656         frame->pc = fde->initial_location;
 657 
 658         /* CIE initial instructions */
 659         dwarf_cfa_execute_insns(cie->initial_instructions,
 660                                 cie->instructions_end, cie, fde,
 661                                 frame, pc);
 662 
 663         /* FDE instructions */
 664         dwarf_cfa_execute_insns(fde->instructions, fde->end, cie,
 665                                 fde, frame, pc);
 666 
 667         /* Calculate the CFA */
 668         switch (frame->flags) {
 669         case DWARF_FRAME_CFA_REG_OFFSET:
 670                 if (prev) {
 671                         reg = dwarf_frame_reg(prev, frame->cfa_register);
 672                         UNWINDER_BUG_ON(!reg);
 673                         UNWINDER_BUG_ON(reg->flags != DWARF_REG_OFFSET);
 674 
 675                         addr = prev->cfa + reg->addr;
 676                         frame->cfa = __raw_readl(addr);
 677 
 678                 } else {
 679                         /*
 680                          * Again, we're starting from the top of the
 681                          * stack. We need to physically read
 682                          * the contents of a register in order to get
 683                          * the Canonical Frame Address for this
 684                          * function.
 685                          */
 686                         frame->cfa = dwarf_read_arch_reg(frame->cfa_register);
 687                 }
 688 
 689                 frame->cfa += frame->cfa_offset;
 690                 break;
 691         default:
 692                 UNWINDER_BUG();
 693         }
 694 
 695         reg = dwarf_frame_reg(frame, DWARF_ARCH_RA_REG);
 696 
 697         /*
 698          * If we haven't seen the return address register or the return
 699          * address column is undefined then we must assume that this is
 700          * the end of the callstack.
 701          */
 702         if (!reg || reg->flags == DWARF_UNDEFINED)
 703                 goto bail;
 704 
 705         UNWINDER_BUG_ON(reg->flags != DWARF_REG_OFFSET);
 706 
 707         addr = frame->cfa + reg->addr;
 708         frame->return_addr = __raw_readl(addr);
 709 
 710         /*
 711          * Ah, the joys of unwinding through interrupts.
 712          *
 713          * Interrupts are tricky - the DWARF info needs to be _really_
 714          * accurate and unfortunately I'm seeing a lot of bogus DWARF
 715          * info. For example, I've seen interrupts occur in epilogues
 716          * just after the frame pointer (r14) had been restored. The
 717          * problem was that the DWARF info claimed that the CFA could be
 718          * reached by using the value of the frame pointer before it was
 719          * restored.
 720          *
 721          * So until the compiler can be trusted to produce reliable
 722          * DWARF info when it really matters, let's stop unwinding once
 723          * we've calculated the function that was interrupted.
 724          */
 725         if (prev && prev->pc == (unsigned long)ret_from_irq)
 726                 frame->return_addr = 0;
 727 
 728         return frame;
 729 
 730 bail:
 731         dwarf_free_frame(frame);
 732         return NULL;
 733 }
 734 
 735 static int dwarf_parse_cie(void *entry, void *p, unsigned long len,
 736                            unsigned char *end, struct module *mod)
 737 {
 738         struct rb_node **rb_node = &cie_root.rb_node;
 739         struct rb_node *parent = *rb_node;
 740         struct dwarf_cie *cie;
 741         unsigned long flags;
 742         int count;
 743 
 744         cie = kzalloc(sizeof(*cie), GFP_KERNEL);
 745         if (!cie)
 746                 return -ENOMEM;
 747 
 748         cie->length = len;
 749 
 750         /*
 751          * Record the offset into the .eh_frame section
 752          * for this CIE. It allows this CIE to be
 753          * quickly and easily looked up from the
 754          * corresponding FDE.
 755          */
 756         cie->cie_pointer = (unsigned long)entry;
 757 
 758         cie->version = *(char *)p++;
 759         UNWINDER_BUG_ON(cie->version != 1);
 760 
 761         cie->augmentation = p;
 762         p += strlen(cie->augmentation) + 1;
 763 
 764         count = dwarf_read_uleb128(p, &cie->code_alignment_factor);
 765         p += count;
 766 
 767         count = dwarf_read_leb128(p, &cie->data_alignment_factor);
 768         p += count;
 769 
 770         /*
 771          * Which column in the rule table contains the
 772          * return address?
 773          */
 774         if (cie->version == 1) {
 775                 cie->return_address_reg = __raw_readb(p);
 776                 p++;
 777         } else {
 778                 count = dwarf_read_uleb128(p, &cie->return_address_reg);
 779                 p += count;
 780         }
 781 
 782         if (cie->augmentation[0] == 'z') {
 783                 unsigned int length, count;
 784                 cie->flags |= DWARF_CIE_Z_AUGMENTATION;
 785 
 786                 count = dwarf_read_uleb128(p, &length);
 787                 p += count;
 788 
 789                 UNWINDER_BUG_ON((unsigned char *)p > end);
 790 
 791                 cie->initial_instructions = p + length;
 792                 cie->augmentation++;
 793         }
 794 
 795         while (*cie->augmentation) {
 796                 /*
 797                  * "L" indicates a byte showing how the
 798                  * LSDA pointer is encoded. Skip it.
 799                  */
 800                 if (*cie->augmentation == 'L') {
 801                         p++;
 802                         cie->augmentation++;
 803                 } else if (*cie->augmentation == 'R') {
 804                         /*
 805                          * "R" indicates a byte showing
 806                          * how FDE addresses are
 807                          * encoded.
 808                          */
 809                         cie->encoding = *(char *)p++;
 810                         cie->augmentation++;
 811                 } else if (*cie->augmentation == 'P') {
 812                         /*
 813                          * "R" indicates a personality
 814                          * routine in the CIE
 815                          * augmentation.
 816                          */
 817                         UNWINDER_BUG();
 818                 } else if (*cie->augmentation == 'S') {
 819                         UNWINDER_BUG();
 820                 } else {
 821                         /*
 822                          * Unknown augmentation. Assume
 823                          * 'z' augmentation.
 824                          */
 825                         p = cie->initial_instructions;
 826                         UNWINDER_BUG_ON(!p);
 827                         break;
 828                 }
 829         }
 830 
 831         cie->initial_instructions = p;
 832         cie->instructions_end = end;
 833 
 834         /* Add to list */
 835         spin_lock_irqsave(&dwarf_cie_lock, flags);
 836 
 837         while (*rb_node) {
 838                 struct dwarf_cie *cie_tmp;
 839 
 840                 cie_tmp = rb_entry(*rb_node, struct dwarf_cie, node);
 841 
 842                 parent = *rb_node;
 843 
 844                 if (cie->cie_pointer < cie_tmp->cie_pointer)
 845                         rb_node = &parent->rb_left;
 846                 else if (cie->cie_pointer >= cie_tmp->cie_pointer)
 847                         rb_node = &parent->rb_right;
 848                 else
 849                         WARN_ON(1);
 850         }
 851 
 852         rb_link_node(&cie->node, parent, rb_node);
 853         rb_insert_color(&cie->node, &cie_root);
 854 
 855 #ifdef CONFIG_MODULES
 856         if (mod != NULL)
 857                 list_add_tail(&cie->link, &mod->arch.cie_list);
 858 #endif
 859 
 860         spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dwarf_cie_lock, flags);
 861 
 862         return 0;
 863 }
 864 
 865 static int dwarf_parse_fde(void *entry, u32 entry_type,
 866                            void *start, unsigned long len,
 867                            unsigned char *end, struct module *mod)
 868 {
 869         struct rb_node **rb_node = &fde_root.rb_node;
 870         struct rb_node *parent = *rb_node;
 871         struct dwarf_fde *fde;
 872         struct dwarf_cie *cie;
 873         unsigned long flags;
 874         int count;
 875         void *p = start;
 876 
 877         fde = kzalloc(sizeof(*fde), GFP_KERNEL);
 878         if (!fde)
 879                 return -ENOMEM;
 880 
 881         fde->length = len;
 882 
 883         /*
 884          * In a .eh_frame section the CIE pointer is the
 885          * delta between the address within the FDE
 886          */
 887         fde->cie_pointer = (unsigned long)(p - entry_type - 4);
 888 
 889         cie = dwarf_lookup_cie(fde->cie_pointer);
 890         fde->cie = cie;
 891 
 892         if (cie->encoding)
 893                 count = dwarf_read_encoded_value(p, &fde->initial_location,
 894                                                  cie->encoding);
 895         else
 896                 count = dwarf_read_addr(p, &fde->initial_location);
 897 
 898         p += count;
 899 
 900         if (cie->encoding)
 901                 count = dwarf_read_encoded_value(p, &fde->address_range,
 902                                                  cie->encoding & 0x0f);
 903         else
 904                 count = dwarf_read_addr(p, &fde->address_range);
 905 
 906         p += count;
 907 
 908         if (fde->cie->flags & DWARF_CIE_Z_AUGMENTATION) {
 909                 unsigned int length;
 910                 count = dwarf_read_uleb128(p, &length);
 911                 p += count + length;
 912         }
 913 
 914         /* Call frame instructions. */
 915         fde->instructions = p;
 916         fde->end = end;
 917 
 918         /* Add to list. */
 919         spin_lock_irqsave(&dwarf_fde_lock, flags);
 920 
 921         while (*rb_node) {
 922                 struct dwarf_fde *fde_tmp;
 923                 unsigned long tmp_start, tmp_end;
 924                 unsigned long start, end;
 925 
 926                 fde_tmp = rb_entry(*rb_node, struct dwarf_fde, node);
 927 
 928                 start = fde->initial_location;
 929                 end = fde->initial_location + fde->address_range;
 930 
 931                 tmp_start = fde_tmp->initial_location;
 932                 tmp_end = fde_tmp->initial_location + fde_tmp->address_range;
 933 
 934                 parent = *rb_node;
 935 
 936                 if (start < tmp_start)
 937                         rb_node = &parent->rb_left;
 938                 else if (start >= tmp_end)
 939                         rb_node = &parent->rb_right;
 940                 else
 941                         WARN_ON(1);
 942         }
 943 
 944         rb_link_node(&fde->node, parent, rb_node);
 945         rb_insert_color(&fde->node, &fde_root);
 946 
 947 #ifdef CONFIG_MODULES
 948         if (mod != NULL)
 949                 list_add_tail(&fde->link, &mod->arch.fde_list);
 950 #endif
 951 
 952         spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dwarf_fde_lock, flags);
 953 
 954         return 0;
 955 }
 956 
 957 static void dwarf_unwinder_dump(struct task_struct *task,
 958                                 struct pt_regs *regs,
 959                                 unsigned long *sp,
 960                                 const struct stacktrace_ops *ops,
 961                                 void *data)
 962 {
 963         struct dwarf_frame *frame, *_frame;
 964         unsigned long return_addr;
 965 
 966         _frame = NULL;
 967         return_addr = 0;
 968 
 969         while (1) {
 970                 frame = dwarf_unwind_stack(return_addr, _frame);
 971 
 972                 if (_frame)
 973                         dwarf_free_frame(_frame);
 974 
 975                 _frame = frame;
 976 
 977                 if (!frame || !frame->return_addr)
 978                         break;
 979 
 980                 return_addr = frame->return_addr;
 981                 ops->address(data, return_addr, 1);
 982         }
 983 
 984         if (frame)
 985                 dwarf_free_frame(frame);
 986 }
 987 
 988 static struct unwinder dwarf_unwinder = {
 989         .name = "dwarf-unwinder",
 990         .dump = dwarf_unwinder_dump,
 991         .rating = 150,
 992 };
 993 
 994 static void __init dwarf_unwinder_cleanup(void)
 995 {
 996         struct dwarf_fde *fde, *next_fde;
 997         struct dwarf_cie *cie, *next_cie;
 998 
 999         /*
1000          * Deallocate all the memory allocated for the DWARF unwinder.
1001          * Traverse all the FDE/CIE lists and remove and free all the
1002          * memory associated with those data structures.
1003          */
1004         rbtree_postorder_for_each_entry_safe(fde, next_fde, &fde_root, node)
1005                 kfree(fde);
1006 
1007         rbtree_postorder_for_each_entry_safe(cie, next_cie, &cie_root, node)
1008                 kfree(cie);
1009 
1010         mempool_destroy(dwarf_reg_pool);
1011         mempool_destroy(dwarf_frame_pool);
1012         kmem_cache_destroy(dwarf_reg_cachep);
1013         kmem_cache_destroy(dwarf_frame_cachep);
1014 }
1015 
1016 /**
1017  *      dwarf_parse_section - parse DWARF section
1018  *      @eh_frame_start: start address of the .eh_frame section
1019  *      @eh_frame_end: end address of the .eh_frame section
1020  *      @mod: the kernel module containing the .eh_frame section
1021  *
1022  *      Parse the information in a .eh_frame section.
1023  */
1024 static int dwarf_parse_section(char *eh_frame_start, char *eh_frame_end,
1025                                struct module *mod)
1026 {
1027         u32 entry_type;
1028         void *p, *entry;
1029         int count, err = 0;
1030         unsigned long len = 0;
1031         unsigned int c_entries, f_entries;
1032         unsigned char *end;
1033 
1034         c_entries = 0;
1035         f_entries = 0;
1036         entry = eh_frame_start;
1037 
1038         while ((char *)entry < eh_frame_end) {
1039                 p = entry;
1040 
1041                 count = dwarf_entry_len(p, &len);
1042                 if (count == 0) {
1043                         /*
1044                          * We read a bogus length field value. There is
1045                          * nothing we can do here apart from disabling
1046                          * the DWARF unwinder. We can't even skip this
1047                          * entry and move to the next one because 'len'
1048                          * tells us where our next entry is.
1049                          */
1050                         err = -EINVAL;
1051                         goto out;
1052                 } else
1053                         p += count;
1054 
1055                 /* initial length does not include itself */
1056                 end = p + len;
1057 
1058                 entry_type = get_unaligned((u32 *)p);
1059                 p += 4;
1060 
1061                 if (entry_type == DW_EH_FRAME_CIE) {
1062                         err = dwarf_parse_cie(entry, p, len, end, mod);
1063                         if (err < 0)
1064                                 goto out;
1065                         else
1066                                 c_entries++;
1067                 } else {
1068                         err = dwarf_parse_fde(entry, entry_type, p, len,
1069                                               end, mod);
1070                         if (err < 0)
1071                                 goto out;
1072                         else
1073                                 f_entries++;
1074                 }
1075 
1076                 entry = (char *)entry + len + 4;
1077         }
1078 
1079         printk(KERN_INFO "DWARF unwinder initialised: read %u CIEs, %u FDEs\n",
1080                c_entries, f_entries);
1081 
1082         return 0;
1083 
1084 out:
1085         return err;
1086 }
1087 
1088 #ifdef CONFIG_MODULES
1089 int module_dwarf_finalize(const Elf_Ehdr *hdr, const Elf_Shdr *sechdrs,
1090                           struct module *me)
1091 {
1092         unsigned int i, err;
1093         unsigned long start, end;
1094         char *secstrings = (void *)hdr + sechdrs[hdr->e_shstrndx].sh_offset;
1095 
1096         start = end = 0;
1097 
1098         for (i = 1; i < hdr->e_shnum; i++) {
1099                 /* Alloc bit cleared means "ignore it." */
1100                 if ((sechdrs[i].sh_flags & SHF_ALLOC)
1101                     && !strcmp(secstrings+sechdrs[i].sh_name, ".eh_frame")) {
1102                         start = sechdrs[i].sh_addr;
1103                         end = start + sechdrs[i].sh_size;
1104                         break;
1105                 }
1106         }
1107 
1108         /* Did we find the .eh_frame section? */
1109         if (i != hdr->e_shnum) {
1110                 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&me->arch.cie_list);
1111                 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&me->arch.fde_list);
1112                 err = dwarf_parse_section((char *)start, (char *)end, me);
1113                 if (err) {
1114                         printk(KERN_WARNING "%s: failed to parse DWARF info\n",
1115                                me->name);
1116                         return err;
1117                 }
1118         }
1119 
1120         return 0;
1121 }
1122 
1123 /**
1124  *      module_dwarf_cleanup - remove FDE/CIEs associated with @mod
1125  *      @mod: the module that is being unloaded
1126  *
1127  *      Remove any FDEs and CIEs from the global lists that came from
1128  *      @mod's .eh_frame section because @mod is being unloaded.
1129  */
1130 void module_dwarf_cleanup(struct module *mod)
1131 {
1132         struct dwarf_fde *fde, *ftmp;
1133         struct dwarf_cie *cie, *ctmp;
1134         unsigned long flags;
1135 
1136         spin_lock_irqsave(&dwarf_cie_lock, flags);
1137 
1138         list_for_each_entry_safe(cie, ctmp, &mod->arch.cie_list, link) {
1139                 list_del(&cie->link);
1140                 rb_erase(&cie->node, &cie_root);
1141                 kfree(cie);
1142         }
1143 
1144         spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dwarf_cie_lock, flags);
1145 
1146         spin_lock_irqsave(&dwarf_fde_lock, flags);
1147 
1148         list_for_each_entry_safe(fde, ftmp, &mod->arch.fde_list, link) {
1149                 list_del(&fde->link);
1150                 rb_erase(&fde->node, &fde_root);
1151                 kfree(fde);
1152         }
1153 
1154         spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dwarf_fde_lock, flags);
1155 }
1156 #endif /* CONFIG_MODULES */
1157 
1158 /**
1159  *      dwarf_unwinder_init - initialise the dwarf unwinder
1160  *
1161  *      Build the data structures describing the .dwarf_frame section to
1162  *      make it easier to lookup CIE and FDE entries. Because the
1163  *      .eh_frame section is packed as tightly as possible it is not
1164  *      easy to lookup the FDE for a given PC, so we build a list of FDE
1165  *      and CIE entries that make it easier.
1166  */
1167 static int __init dwarf_unwinder_init(void)
1168 {
1169         int err = -ENOMEM;
1170 
1171         dwarf_frame_cachep = kmem_cache_create("dwarf_frames",
1172                         sizeof(struct dwarf_frame), 0,
1173                         SLAB_PANIC | SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN, NULL);
1174 
1175         dwarf_reg_cachep = kmem_cache_create("dwarf_regs",
1176                         sizeof(struct dwarf_reg), 0,
1177                         SLAB_PANIC | SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN, NULL);
1178 
1179         dwarf_frame_pool = mempool_create_slab_pool(DWARF_FRAME_MIN_REQ,
1180                                                     dwarf_frame_cachep);
1181         if (!dwarf_frame_pool)
1182                 goto out;
1183 
1184         dwarf_reg_pool = mempool_create_slab_pool(DWARF_REG_MIN_REQ,
1185                                                   dwarf_reg_cachep);
1186         if (!dwarf_reg_pool)
1187                 goto out;
1188 
1189         err = dwarf_parse_section(__start_eh_frame, __stop_eh_frame, NULL);
1190         if (err)
1191                 goto out;
1192 
1193         err = unwinder_register(&dwarf_unwinder);
1194         if (err)
1195                 goto out;
1196 
1197         dwarf_unwinder_ready = 1;
1198 
1199         return 0;
1200 
1201 out:
1202         printk(KERN_ERR "Failed to initialise DWARF unwinder: %d\n", err);
1203         dwarf_unwinder_cleanup();
1204         return err;
1205 }
1206 early_initcall(dwarf_unwinder_init);