mm/vmstat.c

/* [<][>][^][v][top][bottom][index][help] */
This source file includes following definitions.
zero_zone_numa_counters
zero_zones_numa_counters
zero_global_numa_counters
invalid_numa_statistics
sysctl_vm_numa_stat_handler
sum_vm_events
all_vm_events
vm_events_fold_cpu
calculate_pressure_threshold
calculate_normal_threshold
refresh_zone_stat_thresholds
set_pgdat_percpu_threshold
__mod_zone_page_state
__mod_node_page_state
__inc_zone_state
__inc_node_state
__inc_zone_page_state
__inc_node_page_state
__dec_zone_state
__dec_node_state
__dec_zone_page_state
__dec_node_page_state
mod_zone_state
mod_zone_page_state
inc_zone_page_state
dec_zone_page_state
mod_node_state
mod_node_page_state
inc_node_state
inc_node_page_state
dec_node_page_state
mod_zone_page_state
inc_zone_page_state
dec_zone_page_state
inc_node_state
mod_node_page_state
inc_node_page_state
dec_node_page_state
fold_diff
fold_diff
refresh_cpu_vm_stats
cpu_vm_stats_fold
drain_zonestat
__inc_numa_state
sum_zone_node_page_state
sum_zone_numa_state
node_page_state
fill_contig_page_info
__fragmentation_index
fragmentation_index
frag_start
frag_next
frag_stop
walk_zones_in_node
frag_show_print
frag_show
pagetypeinfo_showfree_print
pagetypeinfo_showfree
pagetypeinfo_showblockcount_print
pagetypeinfo_showblockcount
pagetypeinfo_showmixedcount
pagetypeinfo_show
is_zone_first_populated
zoneinfo_show_print
zoneinfo_show
vmstat_start
vmstat_next
vmstat_show
vmstat_stop
refresh_vm_stats
vmstat_refresh
vmstat_update
need_update
quiet_vmstat
vmstat_shepherd
start_shepherd_timer
init_cpu_node_state
vmstat_cpu_online
vmstat_cpu_down_prep
vmstat_cpu_dead
init_mm_internals
unusable_free_index
unusable_show_print
unusable_show
unusable_open
extfrag_show_print
extfrag_show
extfrag_open
extfrag_debug_init
   1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
   2 /*
   3  *  linux/mm/vmstat.c
   4  *
   5  *  Manages VM statistics
   6  *  Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994  Linus Torvalds
   7  *
   8  *  zoned VM statistics
   9  *  Copyright (C) 2006 Silicon Graphics, Inc.,
  10  *              Christoph Lameter <christoph@lameter.com>
  11  *  Copyright (C) 2008-2014 Christoph Lameter
  12  */
  13 #include <linux/fs.h>
  14 #include <linux/mm.h>
  15 #include <linux/err.h>
  16 #include <linux/module.h>
  17 #include <linux/slab.h>
  18 #include <linux/cpu.h>
  19 #include <linux/cpumask.h>
  20 #include <linux/vmstat.h>
  21 #include <linux/proc_fs.h>
  22 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
  23 #include <linux/debugfs.h>
  24 #include <linux/sched.h>
  25 #include <linux/math64.h>
  26 #include <linux/writeback.h>
  27 #include <linux/compaction.h>
  28 #include <linux/mm_inline.h>
  29 #include <linux/page_ext.h>
  30 #include <linux/page_owner.h>
  31 
  32 #include "internal.h"
  33 
  34 #define NUMA_STATS_THRESHOLD (U16_MAX - 2)
  35 
  36 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
  37 int sysctl_vm_numa_stat = ENABLE_NUMA_STAT;
  38 
  39 /* zero numa counters within a zone */
  40 static void zero_zone_numa_counters(struct zone *zone)
  41 {
  42         int item, cpu;
  43 
  44         for (item = 0; item < NR_VM_NUMA_STAT_ITEMS; item++) {
  45                 atomic_long_set(&zone->vm_numa_stat[item], 0);
  46                 for_each_online_cpu(cpu)
  47                         per_cpu_ptr(zone->pageset, cpu)->vm_numa_stat_diff[item]
  48                                                 = 0;
  49         }
  50 }
  51 
  52 /* zero numa counters of all the populated zones */
  53 static void zero_zones_numa_counters(void)
  54 {
  55         struct zone *zone;
  56 
  57         for_each_populated_zone(zone)
  58                 zero_zone_numa_counters(zone);
  59 }
  60 
  61 /* zero global numa counters */
  62 static void zero_global_numa_counters(void)
  63 {
  64         int item;
  65 
  66         for (item = 0; item < NR_VM_NUMA_STAT_ITEMS; item++)
  67                 atomic_long_set(&vm_numa_stat[item], 0);
  68 }
  69 
  70 static void invalid_numa_statistics(void)
  71 {
  72         zero_zones_numa_counters();
  73         zero_global_numa_counters();
  74 }
  75 
  76 static DEFINE_MUTEX(vm_numa_stat_lock);
  77 
  78 int sysctl_vm_numa_stat_handler(struct ctl_table *table, int write,
  79                 void __user *buffer, size_t *length, loff_t *ppos)
  80 {
  81         int ret, oldval;
  82 
  83         mutex_lock(&vm_numa_stat_lock);
  84         if (write)
  85                 oldval = sysctl_vm_numa_stat;
  86         ret = proc_dointvec_minmax(table, write, buffer, length, ppos);
  87         if (ret || !write)
  88                 goto out;
  89 
  90         if (oldval == sysctl_vm_numa_stat)
  91                 goto out;
  92         else if (sysctl_vm_numa_stat == ENABLE_NUMA_STAT) {
  93                 static_branch_enable(&vm_numa_stat_key);
  94                 pr_info("enable numa statistics\n");
  95         } else {
  96                 static_branch_disable(&vm_numa_stat_key);
  97                 invalid_numa_statistics();
  98                 pr_info("disable numa statistics, and clear numa counters\n");
  99         }
 100 
 101 out:
 102         mutex_unlock(&vm_numa_stat_lock);
 103         return ret;
 104 }
 105 #endif
 106 
 107 #ifdef CONFIG_VM_EVENT_COUNTERS
 108 DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct vm_event_state, vm_event_states) = {{0}};
 109 EXPORT_PER_CPU_SYMBOL(vm_event_states);
 110 
 111 static void sum_vm_events(unsigned long *ret)
 112 {
 113         int cpu;
 114         int i;
 115 
 116         memset(ret, 0, NR_VM_EVENT_ITEMS * sizeof(unsigned long));
 117 
 118         for_each_online_cpu(cpu) {
 119                 struct vm_event_state *this = &per_cpu(vm_event_states, cpu);
 120 
 121                 for (i = 0; i < NR_VM_EVENT_ITEMS; i++)
 122                         ret[i] += this->event[i];
 123         }
 124 }
 125 
 126 /*
 127  * Accumulate the vm event counters across all CPUs.
 128  * The result is unavoidably approximate - it can change
 129  * during and after execution of this function.
 130 */
 131 void all_vm_events(unsigned long *ret)
 132 {
 133         get_online_cpus();
 134         sum_vm_events(ret);
 135         put_online_cpus();
 136 }
 137 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(all_vm_events);
 138 
 139 /*
 140  * Fold the foreign cpu events into our own.
 141  *
 142  * This is adding to the events on one processor
 143  * but keeps the global counts constant.
 144  */
 145 void vm_events_fold_cpu(int cpu)
 146 {
 147         struct vm_event_state *fold_state = &per_cpu(vm_event_states, cpu);
 148         int i;
 149 
 150         for (i = 0; i < NR_VM_EVENT_ITEMS; i++) {
 151                 count_vm_events(i, fold_state->event[i]);
 152                 fold_state->event[i] = 0;
 153         }
 154 }
 155 
 156 #endif /* CONFIG_VM_EVENT_COUNTERS */
 157 
 158 /*
 159  * Manage combined zone based / global counters
 160  *
 161  * vm_stat contains the global counters
 162  */
 163 atomic_long_t vm_zone_stat[NR_VM_ZONE_STAT_ITEMS] __cacheline_aligned_in_smp;
 164 atomic_long_t vm_numa_stat[NR_VM_NUMA_STAT_ITEMS] __cacheline_aligned_in_smp;
 165 atomic_long_t vm_node_stat[NR_VM_NODE_STAT_ITEMS] __cacheline_aligned_in_smp;
 166 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vm_zone_stat);
 167 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vm_numa_stat);
 168 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vm_node_stat);
 169 
 170 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
 171 
 172 int calculate_pressure_threshold(struct zone *zone)
 173 {
 174         int threshold;
 175         int watermark_distance;
 176 
 177         /*
 178          * As vmstats are not up to date, there is drift between the estimated
 179          * and real values. For high thresholds and a high number of CPUs, it
 180          * is possible for the min watermark to be breached while the estimated
 181          * value looks fine. The pressure threshold is a reduced value such
 182          * that even the maximum amount of drift will not accidentally breach
 183          * the min watermark
 184          */
 185         watermark_distance = low_wmark_pages(zone) - min_wmark_pages(zone);
 186         threshold = max(1, (int)(watermark_distance / num_online_cpus()));
 187 
 188         /*
 189          * Maximum threshold is 125
 190          */
 191         threshold = min(125, threshold);
 192 
 193         return threshold;
 194 }
 195 
 196 int calculate_normal_threshold(struct zone *zone)
 197 {
 198         int threshold;
 199         int mem;        /* memory in 128 MB units */
 200 
 201         /*
 202          * The threshold scales with the number of processors and the amount
 203          * of memory per zone. More memory means that we can defer updates for
 204          * longer, more processors could lead to more contention.
 205          * fls() is used to have a cheap way of logarithmic scaling.
 206          *
 207          * Some sample thresholds:
 208          *
 209          * Threshold    Processors      (fls)   Zonesize        fls(mem+1)
 210          * ------------------------------------------------------------------
 211          * 8            1               1       0.9-1 GB        4
 212          * 16           2               2       0.9-1 GB        4
 213          * 20           2               2       1-2 GB          5
 214          * 24           2               2       2-4 GB          6
 215          * 28           2               2       4-8 GB          7
 216          * 32           2               2       8-16 GB         8
 217          * 4            2               2       <128M           1
 218          * 30           4               3       2-4 GB          5
 219          * 48           4               3       8-16 GB         8
 220          * 32           8               4       1-2 GB          4
 221          * 32           8               4       0.9-1GB         4
 222          * 10           16              5       <128M           1
 223          * 40           16              5       900M            4
 224          * 70           64              7       2-4 GB          5
 225          * 84           64              7       4-8 GB          6
 226          * 108          512             9       4-8 GB          6
 227          * 125          1024            10      8-16 GB         8
 228          * 125          1024            10      16-32 GB        9
 229          */
 230 
 231         mem = zone_managed_pages(zone) >> (27 - PAGE_SHIFT);
 232 
 233         threshold = 2 * fls(num_online_cpus()) * (1 + fls(mem));
 234 
 235         /*
 236          * Maximum threshold is 125
 237          */
 238         threshold = min(125, threshold);
 239 
 240         return threshold;
 241 }
 242 
 243 /*
 244  * Refresh the thresholds for each zone.
 245  */
 246 void refresh_zone_stat_thresholds(void)
 247 {
 248         struct pglist_data *pgdat;
 249         struct zone *zone;
 250         int cpu;
 251         int threshold;
 252 
 253         /* Zero current pgdat thresholds */
 254         for_each_online_pgdat(pgdat) {
 255                 for_each_online_cpu(cpu) {
 256                         per_cpu_ptr(pgdat->per_cpu_nodestats, cpu)->stat_threshold = 0;
 257                 }
 258         }
 259 
 260         for_each_populated_zone(zone) {
 261                 struct pglist_data *pgdat = zone->zone_pgdat;
 262                 unsigned long max_drift, tolerate_drift;
 263 
 264                 threshold = calculate_normal_threshold(zone);
 265 
 266                 for_each_online_cpu(cpu) {
 267                         int pgdat_threshold;
 268 
 269                         per_cpu_ptr(zone->pageset, cpu)->stat_threshold
 270                                                         = threshold;
 271 
 272                         /* Base nodestat threshold on the largest populated zone. */
 273                         pgdat_threshold = per_cpu_ptr(pgdat->per_cpu_nodestats, cpu)->stat_threshold;
 274                         per_cpu_ptr(pgdat->per_cpu_nodestats, cpu)->stat_threshold
 275                                 = max(threshold, pgdat_threshold);
 276                 }
 277 
 278                 /*
 279                  * Only set percpu_drift_mark if there is a danger that
 280                  * NR_FREE_PAGES reports the low watermark is ok when in fact
 281                  * the min watermark could be breached by an allocation
 282                  */
 283                 tolerate_drift = low_wmark_pages(zone) - min_wmark_pages(zone);
 284                 max_drift = num_online_cpus() * threshold;
 285                 if (max_drift > tolerate_drift)
 286                         zone->percpu_drift_mark = high_wmark_pages(zone) +
 287                                         max_drift;
 288         }
 289 }
 290 
 291 void set_pgdat_percpu_threshold(pg_data_t *pgdat,
 292                                 int (*calculate_pressure)(struct zone *))
 293 {
 294         struct zone *zone;
 295         int cpu;
 296         int threshold;
 297         int i;
 298 
 299         for (i = 0; i < pgdat->nr_zones; i++) {
 300                 zone = &pgdat->node_zones[i];
 301                 if (!zone->percpu_drift_mark)
 302                         continue;
 303 
 304                 threshold = (*calculate_pressure)(zone);
 305                 for_each_online_cpu(cpu)
 306                         per_cpu_ptr(zone->pageset, cpu)->stat_threshold
 307                                                         = threshold;
 308         }
 309 }
 310 
 311 /*
 312  * For use when we know that interrupts are disabled,
 313  * or when we know that preemption is disabled and that
 314  * particular counter cannot be updated from interrupt context.
 315  */
 316 void __mod_zone_page_state(struct zone *zone, enum zone_stat_item item,
 317                            long delta)
 318 {
 319         struct per_cpu_pageset __percpu *pcp = zone->pageset;
 320         s8 __percpu *p = pcp->vm_stat_diff + item;
 321         long x;
 322         long t;
 323 
 324         x = delta + __this_cpu_read(*p);
 325 
 326         t = __this_cpu_read(pcp->stat_threshold);
 327 
 328         if (unlikely(x > t || x < -t)) {
 329                 zone_page_state_add(x, zone, item);
 330                 x = 0;
 331         }
 332         __this_cpu_write(*p, x);
 333 }
 334 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__mod_zone_page_state);
 335 
 336 void __mod_node_page_state(struct pglist_data *pgdat, enum node_stat_item item,
 337                                 long delta)
 338 {
 339         struct per_cpu_nodestat __percpu *pcp = pgdat->per_cpu_nodestats;
 340         s8 __percpu *p = pcp->vm_node_stat_diff + item;
 341         long x;
 342         long t;
 343 
 344         x = delta + __this_cpu_read(*p);
 345 
 346         t = __this_cpu_read(pcp->stat_threshold);
 347 
 348         if (unlikely(x > t || x < -t)) {
 349                 node_page_state_add(x, pgdat, item);
 350                 x = 0;
 351         }
 352         __this_cpu_write(*p, x);
 353 }
 354 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__mod_node_page_state);
 355 
 356 /*
 357  * Optimized increment and decrement functions.
 358  *
 359  * These are only for a single page and therefore can take a struct page *
 360  * argument instead of struct zone *. This allows the inclusion of the code
 361  * generated for page_zone(page) into the optimized functions.
 362  *
 363  * No overflow check is necessary and therefore the differential can be
 364  * incremented or decremented in place which may allow the compilers to
 365  * generate better code.
 366  * The increment or decrement is known and therefore one boundary check can
 367  * be omitted.
 368  *
 369  * NOTE: These functions are very performance sensitive. Change only
 370  * with care.
 371  *
 372  * Some processors have inc/dec instructions that are atomic vs an interrupt.
 373  * However, the code must first determine the differential location in a zone
 374  * based on the processor number and then inc/dec the counter. There is no
 375  * guarantee without disabling preemption that the processor will not change
 376  * in between and therefore the atomicity vs. interrupt cannot be exploited
 377  * in a useful way here.
 378  */
 379 void __inc_zone_state(struct zone *zone, enum zone_stat_item item)
 380 {
 381         struct per_cpu_pageset __percpu *pcp = zone->pageset;
 382         s8 __percpu *p = pcp->vm_stat_diff + item;
 383         s8 v, t;
 384 
 385         v = __this_cpu_inc_return(*p);
 386         t = __this_cpu_read(pcp->stat_threshold);
 387         if (unlikely(v > t)) {
 388                 s8 overstep = t >> 1;
 389 
 390                 zone_page_state_add(v + overstep, zone, item);
 391                 __this_cpu_write(*p, -overstep);
 392         }
 393 }
 394 
 395 void __inc_node_state(struct pglist_data *pgdat, enum node_stat_item item)
 396 {
 397         struct per_cpu_nodestat __percpu *pcp = pgdat->per_cpu_nodestats;
 398         s8 __percpu *p = pcp->vm_node_stat_diff + item;
 399         s8 v, t;
 400 
 401         v = __this_cpu_inc_return(*p);
 402         t = __this_cpu_read(pcp->stat_threshold);
 403         if (unlikely(v > t)) {
 404                 s8 overstep = t >> 1;
 405 
 406                 node_page_state_add(v + overstep, pgdat, item);
 407                 __this_cpu_write(*p, -overstep);
 408         }
 409 }
 410 
 411 void __inc_zone_page_state(struct page *page, enum zone_stat_item item)
 412 {
 413         __inc_zone_state(page_zone(page), item);
 414 }
 415 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__inc_zone_page_state);
 416 
 417 void __inc_node_page_state(struct page *page, enum node_stat_item item)
 418 {
 419         __inc_node_state(page_pgdat(page), item);
 420 }
 421 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__inc_node_page_state);
 422 
 423 void __dec_zone_state(struct zone *zone, enum zone_stat_item item)
 424 {
 425         struct per_cpu_pageset __percpu *pcp = zone->pageset;
 426         s8 __percpu *p = pcp->vm_stat_diff + item;
 427         s8 v, t;
 428 
 429         v = __this_cpu_dec_return(*p);
 430         t = __this_cpu_read(pcp->stat_threshold);
 431         if (unlikely(v < - t)) {
 432                 s8 overstep = t >> 1;
 433 
 434                 zone_page_state_add(v - overstep, zone, item);
 435                 __this_cpu_write(*p, overstep);
 436         }
 437 }
 438 
 439 void __dec_node_state(struct pglist_data *pgdat, enum node_stat_item item)
 440 {
 441         struct per_cpu_nodestat __percpu *pcp = pgdat->per_cpu_nodestats;
 442         s8 __percpu *p = pcp->vm_node_stat_diff + item;
 443         s8 v, t;
 444 
 445         v = __this_cpu_dec_return(*p);
 446         t = __this_cpu_read(pcp->stat_threshold);
 447         if (unlikely(v < - t)) {
 448                 s8 overstep = t >> 1;
 449 
 450                 node_page_state_add(v - overstep, pgdat, item);
 451                 __this_cpu_write(*p, overstep);
 452         }
 453 }
 454 
 455 void __dec_zone_page_state(struct page *page, enum zone_stat_item item)
 456 {
 457         __dec_zone_state(page_zone(page), item);
 458 }
 459 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__dec_zone_page_state);
 460 
 461 void __dec_node_page_state(struct page *page, enum node_stat_item item)
 462 {
 463         __dec_node_state(page_pgdat(page), item);
 464 }
 465 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__dec_node_page_state);
 466 
 467 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_CMPXCHG_LOCAL
 468 /*
 469  * If we have cmpxchg_local support then we do not need to incur the overhead
 470  * that comes with local_irq_save/restore if we use this_cpu_cmpxchg.
 471  *
 472  * mod_state() modifies the zone counter state through atomic per cpu
 473  * operations.
 474  *
 475  * Overstep mode specifies how overstep should handled:
 476  *     0       No overstepping
 477  *     1       Overstepping half of threshold
 478  *     -1      Overstepping minus half of threshold
 479 */
 480 static inline void mod_zone_state(struct zone *zone,
 481        enum zone_stat_item item, long delta, int overstep_mode)
 482 {
 483         struct per_cpu_pageset __percpu *pcp = zone->pageset;
 484         s8 __percpu *p = pcp->vm_stat_diff + item;
 485         long o, n, t, z;
 486 
 487         do {
 488                 z = 0;  /* overflow to zone counters */
 489 
 490                 /*
 491                  * The fetching of the stat_threshold is racy. We may apply
 492                  * a counter threshold to the wrong the cpu if we get
 493                  * rescheduled while executing here. However, the next
 494                  * counter update will apply the threshold again and
 495                  * therefore bring the counter under the threshold again.
 496                  *
 497                  * Most of the time the thresholds are the same anyways
 498                  * for all cpus in a zone.
 499                  */
 500                 t = this_cpu_read(pcp->stat_threshold);
 501 
 502                 o = this_cpu_read(*p);
 503                 n = delta + o;
 504 
 505                 if (n > t || n < -t) {
 506                         int os = overstep_mode * (t >> 1) ;
 507 
 508                         /* Overflow must be added to zone counters */
 509                         z = n + os;
 510                         n = -os;
 511                 }
 512         } while (this_cpu_cmpxchg(*p, o, n) != o);
 513 
 514         if (z)
 515                 zone_page_state_add(z, zone, item);
 516 }
 517 
 518 void mod_zone_page_state(struct zone *zone, enum zone_stat_item item,
 519                          long delta)
 520 {
 521         mod_zone_state(zone, item, delta, 0);
 522 }
 523 EXPORT_SYMBOL(mod_zone_page_state);
 524 
 525 void inc_zone_page_state(struct page *page, enum zone_stat_item item)
 526 {
 527         mod_zone_state(page_zone(page), item, 1, 1);
 528 }
 529 EXPORT_SYMBOL(inc_zone_page_state);
 530 
 531 void dec_zone_page_state(struct page *page, enum zone_stat_item item)
 532 {
 533         mod_zone_state(page_zone(page), item, -1, -1);
 534 }
 535 EXPORT_SYMBOL(dec_zone_page_state);
 536 
 537 static inline void mod_node_state(struct pglist_data *pgdat,
 538        enum node_stat_item item, int delta, int overstep_mode)
 539 {
 540         struct per_cpu_nodestat __percpu *pcp = pgdat->per_cpu_nodestats;
 541         s8 __percpu *p = pcp->vm_node_stat_diff + item;
 542         long o, n, t, z;
 543 
 544         do {
 545                 z = 0;  /* overflow to node counters */
 546 
 547                 /*
 548                  * The fetching of the stat_threshold is racy. We may apply
 549                  * a counter threshold to the wrong the cpu if we get
 550                  * rescheduled while executing here. However, the next
 551                  * counter update will apply the threshold again and
 552                  * therefore bring the counter under the threshold again.
 553                  *
 554                  * Most of the time the thresholds are the same anyways
 555                  * for all cpus in a node.
 556                  */
 557                 t = this_cpu_read(pcp->stat_threshold);
 558 
 559                 o = this_cpu_read(*p);
 560                 n = delta + o;
 561 
 562                 if (n > t || n < -t) {
 563                         int os = overstep_mode * (t >> 1) ;
 564 
 565                         /* Overflow must be added to node counters */
 566                         z = n + os;
 567                         n = -os;
 568                 }
 569         } while (this_cpu_cmpxchg(*p, o, n) != o);
 570 
 571         if (z)
 572                 node_page_state_add(z, pgdat, item);
 573 }
 574 
 575 void mod_node_page_state(struct pglist_data *pgdat, enum node_stat_item item,
 576                                         long delta)
 577 {
 578         mod_node_state(pgdat, item, delta, 0);
 579 }
 580 EXPORT_SYMBOL(mod_node_page_state);
 581 
 582 void inc_node_state(struct pglist_data *pgdat, enum node_stat_item item)
 583 {
 584         mod_node_state(pgdat, item, 1, 1);
 585 }
 586 
 587 void inc_node_page_state(struct page *page, enum node_stat_item item)
 588 {
 589         mod_node_state(page_pgdat(page), item, 1, 1);
 590 }
 591 EXPORT_SYMBOL(inc_node_page_state);
 592 
 593 void dec_node_page_state(struct page *page, enum node_stat_item item)
 594 {
 595         mod_node_state(page_pgdat(page), item, -1, -1);
 596 }
 597 EXPORT_SYMBOL(dec_node_page_state);
 598 #else
 599 /*
 600  * Use interrupt disable to serialize counter updates
 601  */
 602 void mod_zone_page_state(struct zone *zone, enum zone_stat_item item,
 603                          long delta)
 604 {
 605         unsigned long flags;
 606 
 607         local_irq_save(flags);
 608         __mod_zone_page_state(zone, item, delta);
 609         local_irq_restore(flags);
 610 }
 611 EXPORT_SYMBOL(mod_zone_page_state);
 612 
 613 void inc_zone_page_state(struct page *page, enum zone_stat_item item)
 614 {
 615         unsigned long flags;
 616         struct zone *zone;
 617 
 618         zone = page_zone(page);
 619         local_irq_save(flags);
 620         __inc_zone_state(zone, item);
 621         local_irq_restore(flags);
 622 }
 623 EXPORT_SYMBOL(inc_zone_page_state);
 624 
 625 void dec_zone_page_state(struct page *page, enum zone_stat_item item)
 626 {
 627         unsigned long flags;
 628 
 629         local_irq_save(flags);
 630         __dec_zone_page_state(page, item);
 631         local_irq_restore(flags);
 632 }
 633 EXPORT_SYMBOL(dec_zone_page_state);
 634 
 635 void inc_node_state(struct pglist_data *pgdat, enum node_stat_item item)
 636 {
 637         unsigned long flags;
 638 
 639         local_irq_save(flags);
 640         __inc_node_state(pgdat, item);
 641         local_irq_restore(flags);
 642 }
 643 EXPORT_SYMBOL(inc_node_state);
 644 
 645 void mod_node_page_state(struct pglist_data *pgdat, enum node_stat_item item,
 646                                         long delta)
 647 {
 648         unsigned long flags;
 649 
 650         local_irq_save(flags);
 651         __mod_node_page_state(pgdat, item, delta);
 652         local_irq_restore(flags);
 653 }
 654 EXPORT_SYMBOL(mod_node_page_state);
 655 
 656 void inc_node_page_state(struct page *page, enum node_stat_item item)
 657 {
 658         unsigned long flags;
 659         struct pglist_data *pgdat;
 660 
 661         pgdat = page_pgdat(page);
 662         local_irq_save(flags);
 663         __inc_node_state(pgdat, item);
 664         local_irq_restore(flags);
 665 }
 666 EXPORT_SYMBOL(inc_node_page_state);
 667 
 668 void dec_node_page_state(struct page *page, enum node_stat_item item)
 669 {
 670         unsigned long flags;
 671 
 672         local_irq_save(flags);
 673         __dec_node_page_state(page, item);
 674         local_irq_restore(flags);
 675 }
 676 EXPORT_SYMBOL(dec_node_page_state);
 677 #endif
 678 
 679 /*
 680  * Fold a differential into the global counters.
 681  * Returns the number of counters updated.
 682  */
 683 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
 684 static int fold_diff(int *zone_diff, int *numa_diff, int *node_diff)
 685 {
 686         int i;
 687         int changes = 0;
 688 
 689         for (i = 0; i < NR_VM_ZONE_STAT_ITEMS; i++)
 690                 if (zone_diff[i]) {
 691                         atomic_long_add(zone_diff[i], &vm_zone_stat[i]);
 692                         changes++;
 693         }
 694 
 695         for (i = 0; i < NR_VM_NUMA_STAT_ITEMS; i++)
 696                 if (numa_diff[i]) {
 697                         atomic_long_add(numa_diff[i], &vm_numa_stat[i]);
 698                         changes++;
 699         }
 700 
 701         for (i = 0; i < NR_VM_NODE_STAT_ITEMS; i++)
 702                 if (node_diff[i]) {
 703                         atomic_long_add(node_diff[i], &vm_node_stat[i]);
 704                         changes++;
 705         }
 706         return changes;
 707 }
 708 #else
 709 static int fold_diff(int *zone_diff, int *node_diff)
 710 {
 711         int i;
 712         int changes = 0;
 713 
 714         for (i = 0; i < NR_VM_ZONE_STAT_ITEMS; i++)
 715                 if (zone_diff[i]) {
 716                         atomic_long_add(zone_diff[i], &vm_zone_stat[i]);
 717                         changes++;
 718         }
 719 
 720         for (i = 0; i < NR_VM_NODE_STAT_ITEMS; i++)
 721                 if (node_diff[i]) {
 722                         atomic_long_add(node_diff[i], &vm_node_stat[i]);
 723                         changes++;
 724         }
 725         return changes;
 726 }
 727 #endif /* CONFIG_NUMA */
 728 
 729 /*
 730  * Update the zone counters for the current cpu.
 731  *
 732  * Note that refresh_cpu_vm_stats strives to only access
 733  * node local memory. The per cpu pagesets on remote zones are placed
 734  * in the memory local to the processor using that pageset. So the
 735  * loop over all zones will access a series of cachelines local to
 736  * the processor.
 737  *
 738  * The call to zone_page_state_add updates the cachelines with the
 739  * statistics in the remote zone struct as well as the global cachelines
 740  * with the global counters. These could cause remote node cache line
 741  * bouncing and will have to be only done when necessary.
 742  *
 743  * The function returns the number of global counters updated.
 744  */
 745 static int refresh_cpu_vm_stats(bool do_pagesets)
 746 {
 747         struct pglist_data *pgdat;
 748         struct zone *zone;
 749         int i;
 750         int global_zone_diff[NR_VM_ZONE_STAT_ITEMS] = { 0, };
 751 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
 752         int global_numa_diff[NR_VM_NUMA_STAT_ITEMS] = { 0, };
 753 #endif
 754         int global_node_diff[NR_VM_NODE_STAT_ITEMS] = { 0, };
 755         int changes = 0;
 756 
 757         for_each_populated_zone(zone) {
 758                 struct per_cpu_pageset __percpu *p = zone->pageset;
 759 
 760                 for (i = 0; i < NR_VM_ZONE_STAT_ITEMS; i++) {
 761                         int v;
 762 
 763                         v = this_cpu_xchg(p->vm_stat_diff[i], 0);
 764                         if (v) {
 765 
 766                                 atomic_long_add(v, &zone->vm_stat[i]);
 767                                 global_zone_diff[i] += v;
 768 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
 769                                 /* 3 seconds idle till flush */
 770                                 __this_cpu_write(p->expire, 3);
 771 #endif
 772                         }
 773                 }
 774 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
 775                 for (i = 0; i < NR_VM_NUMA_STAT_ITEMS; i++) {
 776                         int v;
 777 
 778                         v = this_cpu_xchg(p->vm_numa_stat_diff[i], 0);
 779                         if (v) {
 780 
 781                                 atomic_long_add(v, &zone->vm_numa_stat[i]);
 782                                 global_numa_diff[i] += v;
 783                                 __this_cpu_write(p->expire, 3);
 784                         }
 785                 }
 786 
 787                 if (do_pagesets) {
 788                         cond_resched();
 789                         /*
 790                          * Deal with draining the remote pageset of this
 791                          * processor
 792                          *
 793                          * Check if there are pages remaining in this pageset
 794                          * if not then there is nothing to expire.
 795                          */
 796                         if (!__this_cpu_read(p->expire) ||
 797                                !__this_cpu_read(p->pcp.count))
 798                                 continue;
 799 
 800                         /*
 801                          * We never drain zones local to this processor.
 802                          */
 803                         if (zone_to_nid(zone) == numa_node_id()) {
 804                                 __this_cpu_write(p->expire, 0);
 805                                 continue;
 806                         }
 807 
 808                         if (__this_cpu_dec_return(p->expire))
 809                                 continue;
 810 
 811                         if (__this_cpu_read(p->pcp.count)) {
 812                                 drain_zone_pages(zone, this_cpu_ptr(&p->pcp));
 813                                 changes++;
 814                         }
 815                 }
 816 #endif
 817         }
 818 
 819         for_each_online_pgdat(pgdat) {
 820                 struct per_cpu_nodestat __percpu *p = pgdat->per_cpu_nodestats;
 821 
 822                 for (i = 0; i < NR_VM_NODE_STAT_ITEMS; i++) {
 823                         int v;
 824 
 825                         v = this_cpu_xchg(p->vm_node_stat_diff[i], 0);
 826                         if (v) {
 827                                 atomic_long_add(v, &pgdat->vm_stat[i]);
 828                                 global_node_diff[i] += v;
 829                         }
 830                 }
 831         }
 832 
 833 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
 834         changes += fold_diff(global_zone_diff, global_numa_diff,
 835                              global_node_diff);
 836 #else
 837         changes += fold_diff(global_zone_diff, global_node_diff);
 838 #endif
 839         return changes;
 840 }
 841 
 842 /*
 843  * Fold the data for an offline cpu into the global array.
 844  * There cannot be any access by the offline cpu and therefore
 845  * synchronization is simplified.
 846  */
 847 void cpu_vm_stats_fold(int cpu)
 848 {
 849         struct pglist_data *pgdat;
 850         struct zone *zone;
 851         int i;
 852         int global_zone_diff[NR_VM_ZONE_STAT_ITEMS] = { 0, };
 853 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
 854         int global_numa_diff[NR_VM_NUMA_STAT_ITEMS] = { 0, };
 855 #endif
 856         int global_node_diff[NR_VM_NODE_STAT_ITEMS] = { 0, };
 857 
 858         for_each_populated_zone(zone) {
 859                 struct per_cpu_pageset *p;
 860 
 861                 p = per_cpu_ptr(zone->pageset, cpu);
 862 
 863                 for (i = 0; i < NR_VM_ZONE_STAT_ITEMS; i++)
 864                         if (p->vm_stat_diff[i]) {
 865                                 int v;
 866 
 867                                 v = p->vm_stat_diff[i];
 868                                 p->vm_stat_diff[i] = 0;
 869                                 atomic_long_add(v, &zone->vm_stat[i]);
 870                                 global_zone_diff[i] += v;
 871                         }
 872 
 873 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
 874                 for (i = 0; i < NR_VM_NUMA_STAT_ITEMS; i++)
 875                         if (p->vm_numa_stat_diff[i]) {
 876                                 int v;
 877 
 878                                 v = p->vm_numa_stat_diff[i];
 879                                 p->vm_numa_stat_diff[i] = 0;
 880                                 atomic_long_add(v, &zone->vm_numa_stat[i]);
 881                                 global_numa_diff[i] += v;
 882                         }
 883 #endif
 884         }
 885 
 886         for_each_online_pgdat(pgdat) {
 887                 struct per_cpu_nodestat *p;
 888 
 889                 p = per_cpu_ptr(pgdat->per_cpu_nodestats, cpu);
 890 
 891                 for (i = 0; i < NR_VM_NODE_STAT_ITEMS; i++)
 892                         if (p->vm_node_stat_diff[i]) {
 893                                 int v;
 894 
 895                                 v = p->vm_node_stat_diff[i];
 896                                 p->vm_node_stat_diff[i] = 0;
 897                                 atomic_long_add(v, &pgdat->vm_stat[i]);
 898                                 global_node_diff[i] += v;
 899                         }
 900         }
 901 
 902 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
 903         fold_diff(global_zone_diff, global_numa_diff, global_node_diff);
 904 #else
 905         fold_diff(global_zone_diff, global_node_diff);
 906 #endif
 907 }
 908 
 909 /*
 910  * this is only called if !populated_zone(zone), which implies no other users of
 911  * pset->vm_stat_diff[] exsist.
 912  */
 913 void drain_zonestat(struct zone *zone, struct per_cpu_pageset *pset)
 914 {
 915         int i;
 916 
 917         for (i = 0; i < NR_VM_ZONE_STAT_ITEMS; i++)
 918                 if (pset->vm_stat_diff[i]) {
 919                         int v = pset->vm_stat_diff[i];
 920                         pset->vm_stat_diff[i] = 0;
 921                         atomic_long_add(v, &zone->vm_stat[i]);
 922                         atomic_long_add(v, &vm_zone_stat[i]);
 923                 }
 924 
 925 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
 926         for (i = 0; i < NR_VM_NUMA_STAT_ITEMS; i++)
 927                 if (pset->vm_numa_stat_diff[i]) {
 928                         int v = pset->vm_numa_stat_diff[i];
 929 
 930                         pset->vm_numa_stat_diff[i] = 0;
 931                         atomic_long_add(v, &zone->vm_numa_stat[i]);
 932                         atomic_long_add(v, &vm_numa_stat[i]);
 933                 }
 934 #endif
 935 }
 936 #endif
 937 
 938 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
 939 void __inc_numa_state(struct zone *zone,
 940                                  enum numa_stat_item item)
 941 {
 942         struct per_cpu_pageset __percpu *pcp = zone->pageset;
 943         u16 __percpu *p = pcp->vm_numa_stat_diff + item;
 944         u16 v;
 945 
 946         v = __this_cpu_inc_return(*p);
 947 
 948         if (unlikely(v > NUMA_STATS_THRESHOLD)) {
 949                 zone_numa_state_add(v, zone, item);
 950                 __this_cpu_write(*p, 0);
 951         }
 952 }
 953 
 954 /*
 955  * Determine the per node value of a stat item. This function
 956  * is called frequently in a NUMA machine, so try to be as
 957  * frugal as possible.
 958  */
 959 unsigned long sum_zone_node_page_state(int node,
 960                                  enum zone_stat_item item)
 961 {
 962         struct zone *zones = NODE_DATA(node)->node_zones;
 963         int i;
 964         unsigned long count = 0;
 965 
 966         for (i = 0; i < MAX_NR_ZONES; i++)
 967                 count += zone_page_state(zones + i, item);
 968 
 969         return count;
 970 }
 971 
 972 /*
 973  * Determine the per node value of a numa stat item. To avoid deviation,
 974  * the per cpu stat number in vm_numa_stat_diff[] is also included.
 975  */
 976 unsigned long sum_zone_numa_state(int node,
 977                                  enum numa_stat_item item)
 978 {
 979         struct zone *zones = NODE_DATA(node)->node_zones;
 980         int i;
 981         unsigned long count = 0;
 982 
 983         for (i = 0; i < MAX_NR_ZONES; i++)
 984                 count += zone_numa_state_snapshot(zones + i, item);
 985 
 986         return count;
 987 }
 988 
 989 /*
 990  * Determine the per node value of a stat item.
 991  */
 992 unsigned long node_page_state(struct pglist_data *pgdat,
 993                                 enum node_stat_item item)
 994 {
 995         long x = atomic_long_read(&pgdat->vm_stat[item]);
 996 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
 997         if (x < 0)
 998                 x = 0;
 999 #endif
1000         return x;
1001 }
1002 #endif
1003 
1004 #ifdef CONFIG_COMPACTION
1005 
1006 struct contig_page_info {
1007         unsigned long free_pages;
1008         unsigned long free_blocks_total;
1009         unsigned long free_blocks_suitable;
1010 };
1011 
1012 /*
1013  * Calculate the number of free pages in a zone, how many contiguous
1014  * pages are free and how many are large enough to satisfy an allocation of
1015  * the target size. Note that this function makes no attempt to estimate
1016  * how many suitable free blocks there *might* be if MOVABLE pages were
1017  * migrated. Calculating that is possible, but expensive and can be
1018  * figured out from userspace
1019  */
1020 static void fill_contig_page_info(struct zone *zone,
1021                                 unsigned int suitable_order,
1022                                 struct contig_page_info *info)
1023 {
1024         unsigned int order;
1025 
1026         info->free_pages = 0;
1027         info->free_blocks_total = 0;
1028         info->free_blocks_suitable = 0;
1029 
1030         for (order = 0; order < MAX_ORDER; order++) {
1031                 unsigned long blocks;
1032 
1033                 /* Count number of free blocks */
1034                 blocks = zone->free_area[order].nr_free;
1035                 info->free_blocks_total += blocks;
1036 
1037                 /* Count free base pages */
1038                 info->free_pages += blocks << order;
1039 
1040                 /* Count the suitable free blocks */
1041                 if (order >= suitable_order)
1042                         info->free_blocks_suitable += blocks <<
1043                                                 (order - suitable_order);
1044         }
1045 }
1046 
1047 /*
1048  * A fragmentation index only makes sense if an allocation of a requested
1049  * size would fail. If that is true, the fragmentation index indicates
1050  * whether external fragmentation or a lack of memory was the problem.
1051  * The value can be used to determine if page reclaim or compaction
1052  * should be used
1053  */
1054 static int __fragmentation_index(unsigned int order, struct contig_page_info *info)
1055 {
1056         unsigned long requested = 1UL << order;
1057 
1058         if (WARN_ON_ONCE(order >= MAX_ORDER))
1059                 return 0;
1060 
1061         if (!info->free_blocks_total)
1062                 return 0;
1063 
1064         /* Fragmentation index only makes sense when a request would fail */
1065         if (info->free_blocks_suitable)
1066                 return -1000;
1067 
1068         /*
1069          * Index is between 0 and 1 so return within 3 decimal places
1070          *
1071          * 0 => allocation would fail due to lack of memory
1072          * 1 => allocation would fail due to fragmentation
1073          */
1074         return 1000 - div_u64( (1000+(div_u64(info->free_pages * 1000ULL, requested))), info->free_blocks_total);
1075 }
1076 
1077 /* Same as __fragmentation index but allocs contig_page_info on stack */
1078 int fragmentation_index(struct zone *zone, unsigned int order)
1079 {
1080         struct contig_page_info info;
1081 
1082         fill_contig_page_info(zone, order, &info);
1083         return __fragmentation_index(order, &info);
1084 }
1085 #endif
1086 
1087 #if defined(CONFIG_PROC_FS) || defined(CONFIG_SYSFS) || defined(CONFIG_NUMA)
1088 #ifdef CONFIG_ZONE_DMA
1089 #define TEXT_FOR_DMA(xx) xx "_dma",
1090 #else
1091 #define TEXT_FOR_DMA(xx)
1092 #endif
1093 
1094 #ifdef CONFIG_ZONE_DMA32
1095 #define TEXT_FOR_DMA32(xx) xx "_dma32",
1096 #else
1097 #define TEXT_FOR_DMA32(xx)
1098 #endif
1099 
1100 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
1101 #define TEXT_FOR_HIGHMEM(xx) xx "_high",
1102 #else
1103 #define TEXT_FOR_HIGHMEM(xx)
1104 #endif
1105 
1106 #define TEXTS_FOR_ZONES(xx) TEXT_FOR_DMA(xx) TEXT_FOR_DMA32(xx) xx "_normal", \
1107                                         TEXT_FOR_HIGHMEM(xx) xx "_movable",
1108 
1109 const char * const vmstat_text[] = {
1110         /* enum zone_stat_item countes */
1111         "nr_free_pages",
1112         "nr_zone_inactive_anon",
1113         "nr_zone_active_anon",
1114         "nr_zone_inactive_file",
1115         "nr_zone_active_file",
1116         "nr_zone_unevictable",
1117         "nr_zone_write_pending",
1118         "nr_mlock",
1119         "nr_page_table_pages",
1120         "nr_kernel_stack",
1121         "nr_bounce",
1122 #if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ZSMALLOC)
1123         "nr_zspages",
1124 #endif
1125         "nr_free_cma",
1126 
1127         /* enum numa_stat_item counters */
1128 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
1129         "numa_hit",
1130         "numa_miss",
1131         "numa_foreign",
1132         "numa_interleave",
1133         "numa_local",
1134         "numa_other",
1135 #endif
1136 
1137         /* Node-based counters */
1138         "nr_inactive_anon",
1139         "nr_active_anon",
1140         "nr_inactive_file",
1141         "nr_active_file",
1142         "nr_unevictable",
1143         "nr_slab_reclaimable",
1144         "nr_slab_unreclaimable",
1145         "nr_isolated_anon",
1146         "nr_isolated_file",
1147         "workingset_nodes",
1148         "workingset_refault",
1149         "workingset_activate",
1150         "workingset_restore",
1151         "workingset_nodereclaim",
1152         "nr_anon_pages",
1153         "nr_mapped",
1154         "nr_file_pages",
1155         "nr_dirty",
1156         "nr_writeback",
1157         "nr_writeback_temp",
1158         "nr_shmem",
1159         "nr_shmem_hugepages",
1160         "nr_shmem_pmdmapped",
1161         "nr_file_hugepages",
1162         "nr_file_pmdmapped",
1163         "nr_anon_transparent_hugepages",
1164         "nr_unstable",
1165         "nr_vmscan_write",
1166         "nr_vmscan_immediate_reclaim",
1167         "nr_dirtied",
1168         "nr_written",
1169         "nr_kernel_misc_reclaimable",
1170 
1171         /* enum writeback_stat_item counters */
1172         "nr_dirty_threshold",
1173         "nr_dirty_background_threshold",
1174 
1175 #ifdef CONFIG_VM_EVENT_COUNTERS
1176         /* enum vm_event_item counters */
1177         "pgpgin",
1178         "pgpgout",
1179         "pswpin",
1180         "pswpout",
1181 
1182         TEXTS_FOR_ZONES("pgalloc")
1183         TEXTS_FOR_ZONES("allocstall")
1184         TEXTS_FOR_ZONES("pgskip")
1185 
1186         "pgfree",
1187         "pgactivate",
1188         "pgdeactivate",
1189         "pglazyfree",
1190 
1191         "pgfault",
1192         "pgmajfault",
1193         "pglazyfreed",
1194 
1195         "pgrefill",
1196         "pgsteal_kswapd",
1197         "pgsteal_direct",
1198         "pgscan_kswapd",
1199         "pgscan_direct",
1200         "pgscan_direct_throttle",
1201 
1202 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
1203         "zone_reclaim_failed",
1204 #endif
1205         "pginodesteal",
1206         "slabs_scanned",
1207         "kswapd_inodesteal",
1208         "kswapd_low_wmark_hit_quickly",
1209         "kswapd_high_wmark_hit_quickly",
1210         "pageoutrun",
1211 
1212         "pgrotated",
1213 
1214         "drop_pagecache",
1215         "drop_slab",
1216         "oom_kill",
1217 
1218 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING
1219         "numa_pte_updates",
1220         "numa_huge_pte_updates",
1221         "numa_hint_faults",
1222         "numa_hint_faults_local",
1223         "numa_pages_migrated",
1224 #endif
1225 #ifdef CONFIG_MIGRATION
1226         "pgmigrate_success",
1227         "pgmigrate_fail",
1228 #endif
1229 #ifdef CONFIG_COMPACTION
1230         "compact_migrate_scanned",
1231         "compact_free_scanned",
1232         "compact_isolated",
1233         "compact_stall",
1234         "compact_fail",
1235         "compact_success",
1236         "compact_daemon_wake",
1237         "compact_daemon_migrate_scanned",
1238         "compact_daemon_free_scanned",
1239 #endif
1240 
1241 #ifdef CONFIG_HUGETLB_PAGE
1242         "htlb_buddy_alloc_success",
1243         "htlb_buddy_alloc_fail",
1244 #endif
1245         "unevictable_pgs_culled",
1246         "unevictable_pgs_scanned",
1247         "unevictable_pgs_rescued",
1248         "unevictable_pgs_mlocked",
1249         "unevictable_pgs_munlocked",
1250         "unevictable_pgs_cleared",
1251         "unevictable_pgs_stranded",
1252 
1253 #ifdef CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
1254         "thp_fault_alloc",
1255         "thp_fault_fallback",
1256         "thp_collapse_alloc",
1257         "thp_collapse_alloc_failed",
1258         "thp_file_alloc",
1259         "thp_file_mapped",
1260         "thp_split_page",
1261         "thp_split_page_failed",
1262         "thp_deferred_split_page",
1263         "thp_split_pmd",
1264 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_PUD
1265         "thp_split_pud",
1266 #endif
1267         "thp_zero_page_alloc",
1268         "thp_zero_page_alloc_failed",
1269         "thp_swpout",
1270         "thp_swpout_fallback",
1271 #endif
1272 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_BALLOON
1273         "balloon_inflate",
1274         "balloon_deflate",
1275 #ifdef CONFIG_BALLOON_COMPACTION
1276         "balloon_migrate",
1277 #endif
1278 #endif /* CONFIG_MEMORY_BALLOON */
1279 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_TLBFLUSH
1280         "nr_tlb_remote_flush",
1281         "nr_tlb_remote_flush_received",
1282         "nr_tlb_local_flush_all",
1283         "nr_tlb_local_flush_one",
1284 #endif /* CONFIG_DEBUG_TLBFLUSH */
1285 
1286 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_VM_VMACACHE
1287         "vmacache_find_calls",
1288         "vmacache_find_hits",
1289 #endif
1290 #ifdef CONFIG_SWAP
1291         "swap_ra",
1292         "swap_ra_hit",
1293 #endif
1294 #endif /* CONFIG_VM_EVENTS_COUNTERS */
1295 };
1296 #endif /* CONFIG_PROC_FS || CONFIG_SYSFS || CONFIG_NUMA */
1297 
1298 #if (defined(CONFIG_DEBUG_FS) && defined(CONFIG_COMPACTION)) || \
1299      defined(CONFIG_PROC_FS)
1300 static void *frag_start(struct seq_file *m, loff_t *pos)
1301 {
1302         pg_data_t *pgdat;
1303         loff_t node = *pos;
1304 
1305         for (pgdat = first_online_pgdat();
1306              pgdat && node;
1307              pgdat = next_online_pgdat(pgdat))
1308                 --node;
1309 
1310         return pgdat;
1311 }
1312 
1313 static void *frag_next(struct seq_file *m, void *arg, loff_t *pos)
1314 {
1315         pg_data_t *pgdat = (pg_data_t *)arg;
1316 
1317         (*pos)++;
1318         return next_online_pgdat(pgdat);
1319 }
1320 
1321 static void frag_stop(struct seq_file *m, void *arg)
1322 {
1323 }
1324 
1325 /*
1326  * Walk zones in a node and print using a callback.
1327  * If @assert_populated is true, only use callback for zones that are populated.
1328  */
1329 static void walk_zones_in_node(struct seq_file *m, pg_data_t *pgdat,
1330                 bool assert_populated, bool nolock,
1331                 void (*print)(struct seq_file *m, pg_data_t *, struct zone *))
1332 {
1333         struct zone *zone;
1334         struct zone *node_zones = pgdat->node_zones;
1335         unsigned long flags;
1336 
1337         for (zone = node_zones; zone - node_zones < MAX_NR_ZONES; ++zone) {
1338                 if (assert_populated && !populated_zone(zone))
1339                         continue;
1340 
1341                 if (!nolock)
1342                         spin_lock_irqsave(&zone->lock, flags);
1343                 print(m, pgdat, zone);
1344                 if (!nolock)
1345                         spin_unlock_irqrestore(&zone->lock, flags);
1346         }
1347 }
1348 #endif
1349 
1350 #ifdef CONFIG_PROC_FS
1351 static void frag_show_print(struct seq_file *m, pg_data_t *pgdat,
1352                                                 struct zone *zone)
1353 {
1354         int order;
1355 
1356         seq_printf(m, "Node %d, zone %8s ", pgdat->node_id, zone->name);
1357         for (order = 0; order < MAX_ORDER; ++order)
1358                 seq_printf(m, "%6lu ", zone->free_area[order].nr_free);
1359         seq_putc(m, '\n');
1360 }
1361 
1362 /*
1363  * This walks the free areas for each zone.
1364  */
1365 static int frag_show(struct seq_file *m, void *arg)
1366 {
1367         pg_data_t *pgdat = (pg_data_t *)arg;
1368         walk_zones_in_node(m, pgdat, true, false, frag_show_print);
1369         return 0;
1370 }
1371 
1372 static void pagetypeinfo_showfree_print(struct seq_file *m,
1373                                         pg_data_t *pgdat, struct zone *zone)
1374 {
1375         int order, mtype;
1376 
1377         for (mtype = 0; mtype < MIGRATE_TYPES; mtype++) {
1378                 seq_printf(m, "Node %4d, zone %8s, type %12s ",
1379                                         pgdat->node_id,
1380                                         zone->name,
1381                                         migratetype_names[mtype]);
1382                 for (order = 0; order < MAX_ORDER; ++order) {
1383                         unsigned long freecount = 0;
1384                         struct free_area *area;
1385                         struct list_head *curr;
1386                         bool overflow = false;
1387 
1388                         area = &(zone->free_area[order]);
1389 
1390                         list_for_each(curr, &area->free_list[mtype]) {
1391                                 /*
1392                                  * Cap the free_list iteration because it might
1393                                  * be really large and we are under a spinlock
1394                                  * so a long time spent here could trigger a
1395                                  * hard lockup detector. Anyway this is a
1396                                  * debugging tool so knowing there is a handful
1397                                  * of pages of this order should be more than
1398                                  * sufficient.
1399                                  */
1400                                 if (++freecount >= 100000) {
1401                                         overflow = true;
1402                                         break;
1403                                 }
1404                         }
1405                         seq_printf(m, "%s%6lu ", overflow ? ">" : "", freecount);
1406                         spin_unlock_irq(&zone->lock);
1407                         cond_resched();
1408                         spin_lock_irq(&zone->lock);
1409                 }
1410                 seq_putc(m, '\n');
1411         }
1412 }
1413 
1414 /* Print out the free pages at each order for each migatetype */
1415 static int pagetypeinfo_showfree(struct seq_file *m, void *arg)
1416 {
1417         int order;
1418         pg_data_t *pgdat = (pg_data_t *)arg;
1419 
1420         /* Print header */
1421         seq_printf(m, "%-43s ", "Free pages count per migrate type at order");
1422         for (order = 0; order < MAX_ORDER; ++order)
1423                 seq_printf(m, "%6d ", order);
1424         seq_putc(m, '\n');
1425 
1426         walk_zones_in_node(m, pgdat, true, false, pagetypeinfo_showfree_print);
1427 
1428         return 0;
1429 }
1430 
1431 static void pagetypeinfo_showblockcount_print(struct seq_file *m,
1432                                         pg_data_t *pgdat, struct zone *zone)
1433 {
1434         int mtype;
1435         unsigned long pfn;
1436         unsigned long start_pfn = zone->zone_start_pfn;
1437         unsigned long end_pfn = zone_end_pfn(zone);
1438         unsigned long count[MIGRATE_TYPES] = { 0, };
1439 
1440         for (pfn = start_pfn; pfn < end_pfn; pfn += pageblock_nr_pages) {
1441                 struct page *page;
1442 
1443                 page = pfn_to_online_page(pfn);
1444                 if (!page)
1445                         continue;
1446 
1447                 /* Watch for unexpected holes punched in the memmap */
1448                 if (!memmap_valid_within(pfn, page, zone))
1449                         continue;
1450 
1451                 if (page_zone(page) != zone)
1452                         continue;
1453 
1454                 mtype = get_pageblock_migratetype(page);
1455 
1456                 if (mtype < MIGRATE_TYPES)
1457                         count[mtype]++;
1458         }
1459 
1460         /* Print counts */
1461         seq_printf(m, "Node %d, zone %8s ", pgdat->node_id, zone->name);
1462         for (mtype = 0; mtype < MIGRATE_TYPES; mtype++)
1463                 seq_printf(m, "%12lu ", count[mtype]);
1464         seq_putc(m, '\n');
1465 }
1466 
1467 /* Print out the number of pageblocks for each migratetype */
1468 static int pagetypeinfo_showblockcount(struct seq_file *m, void *arg)
1469 {
1470         int mtype;
1471         pg_data_t *pgdat = (pg_data_t *)arg;
1472 
1473         seq_printf(m, "\n%-23s", "Number of blocks type ");
1474         for (mtype = 0; mtype < MIGRATE_TYPES; mtype++)
1475                 seq_printf(m, "%12s ", migratetype_names[mtype]);
1476         seq_putc(m, '\n');
1477         walk_zones_in_node(m, pgdat, true, false,
1478                 pagetypeinfo_showblockcount_print);
1479 
1480         return 0;
1481 }
1482 
1483 /*
1484  * Print out the number of pageblocks for each migratetype that contain pages
1485  * of other types. This gives an indication of how well fallbacks are being
1486  * contained by rmqueue_fallback(). It requires information from PAGE_OWNER
1487  * to determine what is going on
1488  */
1489 static void pagetypeinfo_showmixedcount(struct seq_file *m, pg_data_t *pgdat)
1490 {
1491 #ifdef CONFIG_PAGE_OWNER
1492         int mtype;
1493 
1494         if (!static_branch_unlikely(&page_owner_inited))
1495                 return;
1496 
1497         drain_all_pages(NULL);
1498 
1499         seq_printf(m, "\n%-23s", "Number of mixed blocks ");
1500         for (mtype = 0; mtype < MIGRATE_TYPES; mtype++)
1501                 seq_printf(m, "%12s ", migratetype_names[mtype]);
1502         seq_putc(m, '\n');
1503 
1504         walk_zones_in_node(m, pgdat, true, true,
1505                 pagetypeinfo_showmixedcount_print);
1506 #endif /* CONFIG_PAGE_OWNER */
1507 }
1508 
1509 /*
1510  * This prints out statistics in relation to grouping pages by mobility.
1511  * It is expensive to collect so do not constantly read the file.
1512  */
1513 static int pagetypeinfo_show(struct seq_file *m, void *arg)
1514 {
1515         pg_data_t *pgdat = (pg_data_t *)arg;
1516 
1517         /* check memoryless node */
1518         if (!node_state(pgdat->node_id, N_MEMORY))
1519                 return 0;
1520 
1521         seq_printf(m, "Page block order: %d\n", pageblock_order);
1522         seq_printf(m, "Pages per block:  %lu\n", pageblock_nr_pages);
1523         seq_putc(m, '\n');
1524         pagetypeinfo_showfree(m, pgdat);
1525         pagetypeinfo_showblockcount(m, pgdat);
1526         pagetypeinfo_showmixedcount(m, pgdat);
1527 
1528         return 0;
1529 }
1530 
1531 static const struct seq_operations fragmentation_op = {
1532         .start  = frag_start,
1533         .next   = frag_next,
1534         .stop   = frag_stop,
1535         .show   = frag_show,
1536 };
1537 
1538 static const struct seq_operations pagetypeinfo_op = {
1539         .start  = frag_start,
1540         .next   = frag_next,
1541         .stop   = frag_stop,
1542         .show   = pagetypeinfo_show,
1543 };
1544 
1545 static bool is_zone_first_populated(pg_data_t *pgdat, struct zone *zone)
1546 {
1547         int zid;
1548 
1549         for (zid = 0; zid < MAX_NR_ZONES; zid++) {
1550                 struct zone *compare = &pgdat->node_zones[zid];
1551 
1552                 if (populated_zone(compare))
1553                         return zone == compare;
1554         }
1555 
1556         return false;
1557 }
1558 
1559 static void zoneinfo_show_print(struct seq_file *m, pg_data_t *pgdat,
1560                                                         struct zone *zone)
1561 {
1562         int i;
1563         seq_printf(m, "Node %d, zone %8s", pgdat->node_id, zone->name);
1564         if (is_zone_first_populated(pgdat, zone)) {
1565                 seq_printf(m, "\n  per-node stats");
1566                 for (i = 0; i < NR_VM_NODE_STAT_ITEMS; i++) {
1567                         seq_printf(m, "\n      %-12s %lu",
1568                                 vmstat_text[i + NR_VM_ZONE_STAT_ITEMS +
1569                                 NR_VM_NUMA_STAT_ITEMS],
1570                                 node_page_state(pgdat, i));
1571                 }
1572         }
1573         seq_printf(m,
1574                    "\n  pages free     %lu"
1575                    "\n        min      %lu"
1576                    "\n        low      %lu"
1577                    "\n        high     %lu"
1578                    "\n        spanned  %lu"
1579                    "\n        present  %lu"
1580                    "\n        managed  %lu",
1581                    zone_page_state(zone, NR_FREE_PAGES),
1582                    min_wmark_pages(zone),
1583                    low_wmark_pages(zone),
1584                    high_wmark_pages(zone),
1585                    zone->spanned_pages,
1586                    zone->present_pages,
1587                    zone_managed_pages(zone));
1588 
1589         seq_printf(m,
1590                    "\n        protection: (%ld",
1591                    zone->lowmem_reserve[0]);
1592         for (i = 1; i < ARRAY_SIZE(zone->lowmem_reserve); i++)
1593                 seq_printf(m, ", %ld", zone->lowmem_reserve[i]);
1594         seq_putc(m, ')');
1595 
1596         /* If unpopulated, no other information is useful */
1597         if (!populated_zone(zone)) {
1598                 seq_putc(m, '\n');
1599                 return;
1600         }
1601 
1602         for (i = 0; i < NR_VM_ZONE_STAT_ITEMS; i++)
1603                 seq_printf(m, "\n      %-12s %lu", vmstat_text[i],
1604                                 zone_page_state(zone, i));
1605 
1606 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
1607         for (i = 0; i < NR_VM_NUMA_STAT_ITEMS; i++)
1608                 seq_printf(m, "\n      %-12s %lu",
1609                                 vmstat_text[i + NR_VM_ZONE_STAT_ITEMS],
1610                                 zone_numa_state_snapshot(zone, i));
1611 #endif
1612 
1613         seq_printf(m, "\n  pagesets");
1614         for_each_online_cpu(i) {
1615                 struct per_cpu_pageset *pageset;
1616 
1617                 pageset = per_cpu_ptr(zone->pageset, i);
1618                 seq_printf(m,
1619                            "\n    cpu: %i"
1620                            "\n              count: %i"
1621                            "\n              high:  %i"
1622                            "\n              batch: %i",
1623                            i,
1624                            pageset->pcp.count,
1625                            pageset->pcp.high,
1626                            pageset->pcp.batch);
1627 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
1628                 seq_printf(m, "\n  vm stats threshold: %d",
1629                                 pageset->stat_threshold);
1630 #endif
1631         }
1632         seq_printf(m,
1633                    "\n  node_unreclaimable:  %u"
1634                    "\n  start_pfn:           %lu",
1635                    pgdat->kswapd_failures >= MAX_RECLAIM_RETRIES,
1636                    zone->zone_start_pfn);
1637         seq_putc(m, '\n');
1638 }
1639 
1640 /*
1641  * Output information about zones in @pgdat.  All zones are printed regardless
1642  * of whether they are populated or not: lowmem_reserve_ratio operates on the
1643  * set of all zones and userspace would not be aware of such zones if they are
1644  * suppressed here (zoneinfo displays the effect of lowmem_reserve_ratio).
1645  */
1646 static int zoneinfo_show(struct seq_file *m, void *arg)
1647 {
1648         pg_data_t *pgdat = (pg_data_t *)arg;
1649         walk_zones_in_node(m, pgdat, false, false, zoneinfo_show_print);
1650         return 0;
1651 }
1652 
1653 static const struct seq_operations zoneinfo_op = {
1654         .start  = frag_start, /* iterate over all zones. The same as in
1655                                * fragmentation. */
1656         .next   = frag_next,
1657         .stop   = frag_stop,
1658         .show   = zoneinfo_show,
1659 };
1660 
1661 enum writeback_stat_item {
1662         NR_DIRTY_THRESHOLD,
1663         NR_DIRTY_BG_THRESHOLD,
1664         NR_VM_WRITEBACK_STAT_ITEMS,
1665 };
1666 
1667 static void *vmstat_start(struct seq_file *m, loff_t *pos)
1668 {
1669         unsigned long *v;
1670         int i, stat_items_size;
1671 
1672         if (*pos >= ARRAY_SIZE(vmstat_text))
1673                 return NULL;
1674         stat_items_size = NR_VM_ZONE_STAT_ITEMS * sizeof(unsigned long) +
1675                           NR_VM_NUMA_STAT_ITEMS * sizeof(unsigned long) +
1676                           NR_VM_NODE_STAT_ITEMS * sizeof(unsigned long) +
1677                           NR_VM_WRITEBACK_STAT_ITEMS * sizeof(unsigned long);
1678 
1679 #ifdef CONFIG_VM_EVENT_COUNTERS
1680         stat_items_size += sizeof(struct vm_event_state);
1681 #endif
1682 
1683         BUILD_BUG_ON(stat_items_size !=
1684                      ARRAY_SIZE(vmstat_text) * sizeof(unsigned long));
1685         v = kmalloc(stat_items_size, GFP_KERNEL);
1686         m->private = v;
1687         if (!v)
1688                 return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
1689         for (i = 0; i < NR_VM_ZONE_STAT_ITEMS; i++)
1690                 v[i] = global_zone_page_state(i);
1691         v += NR_VM_ZONE_STAT_ITEMS;
1692 
1693 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
1694         for (i = 0; i < NR_VM_NUMA_STAT_ITEMS; i++)
1695                 v[i] = global_numa_state(i);
1696         v += NR_VM_NUMA_STAT_ITEMS;
1697 #endif
1698 
1699         for (i = 0; i < NR_VM_NODE_STAT_ITEMS; i++)
1700                 v[i] = global_node_page_state(i);
1701         v += NR_VM_NODE_STAT_ITEMS;
1702 
1703         global_dirty_limits(v + NR_DIRTY_BG_THRESHOLD,
1704                             v + NR_DIRTY_THRESHOLD);
1705         v += NR_VM_WRITEBACK_STAT_ITEMS;
1706 
1707 #ifdef CONFIG_VM_EVENT_COUNTERS
1708         all_vm_events(v);
1709         v[PGPGIN] /= 2;         /* sectors -> kbytes */
1710         v[PGPGOUT] /= 2;
1711 #endif
1712         return (unsigned long *)m->private + *pos;
1713 }
1714 
1715 static void *vmstat_next(struct seq_file *m, void *arg, loff_t *pos)
1716 {
1717         (*pos)++;
1718         if (*pos >= ARRAY_SIZE(vmstat_text))
1719                 return NULL;
1720         return (unsigned long *)m->private + *pos;
1721 }
1722 
1723 static int vmstat_show(struct seq_file *m, void *arg)
1724 {
1725         unsigned long *l = arg;
1726         unsigned long off = l - (unsigned long *)m->private;
1727 
1728         seq_puts(m, vmstat_text[off]);
1729         seq_put_decimal_ull(m, " ", *l);
1730         seq_putc(m, '\n');
1731         return 0;
1732 }
1733 
1734 static void vmstat_stop(struct seq_file *m, void *arg)
1735 {
1736         kfree(m->private);
1737         m->private = NULL;
1738 }
1739 
1740 static const struct seq_operations vmstat_op = {
1741         .start  = vmstat_start,
1742         .next   = vmstat_next,
1743         .stop   = vmstat_stop,
1744         .show   = vmstat_show,
1745 };
1746 #endif /* CONFIG_PROC_FS */
1747 
1748 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
1749 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct delayed_work, vmstat_work);
1750 int sysctl_stat_interval __read_mostly = HZ;
1751 
1752 #ifdef CONFIG_PROC_FS
1753 static void refresh_vm_stats(struct work_struct *work)
1754 {
1755         refresh_cpu_vm_stats(true);
1756 }
1757 
1758 int vmstat_refresh(struct ctl_table *table, int write,
1759                    void __user *buffer, size_t *lenp, loff_t *ppos)
1760 {
1761         long val;
1762         int err;
1763         int i;
1764 
1765         /*
1766          * The regular update, every sysctl_stat_interval, may come later
1767          * than expected: leaving a significant amount in per_cpu buckets.
1768          * This is particularly misleading when checking a quantity of HUGE
1769          * pages, immediately after running a test.  /proc/sys/vm/stat_refresh,
1770          * which can equally be echo'ed to or cat'ted from (by root),
1771          * can be used to update the stats just before reading them.
1772          *
1773          * Oh, and since global_zone_page_state() etc. are so careful to hide
1774          * transiently negative values, report an error here if any of
1775          * the stats is negative, so we know to go looking for imbalance.
1776          */
1777         err = schedule_on_each_cpu(refresh_vm_stats);
1778         if (err)
1779                 return err;
1780         for (i = 0; i < NR_VM_ZONE_STAT_ITEMS; i++) {
1781                 val = atomic_long_read(&vm_zone_stat[i]);
1782                 if (val < 0) {
1783                         pr_warn("%s: %s %ld\n",
1784                                 __func__, vmstat_text[i], val);
1785                         err = -EINVAL;
1786                 }
1787         }
1788 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
1789         for (i = 0; i < NR_VM_NUMA_STAT_ITEMS; i++) {
1790                 val = atomic_long_read(&vm_numa_stat[i]);
1791                 if (val < 0) {
1792                         pr_warn("%s: %s %ld\n",
1793                                 __func__, vmstat_text[i + NR_VM_ZONE_STAT_ITEMS], val);
1794                         err = -EINVAL;
1795                 }
1796         }
1797 #endif
1798         if (err)
1799                 return err;
1800         if (write)
1801                 *ppos += *lenp;
1802         else
1803                 *lenp = 0;
1804         return 0;
1805 }
1806 #endif /* CONFIG_PROC_FS */
1807 
1808 static void vmstat_update(struct work_struct *w)
1809 {
1810         if (refresh_cpu_vm_stats(true)) {
1811                 /*
1812                  * Counters were updated so we expect more updates
1813                  * to occur in the future. Keep on running the
1814                  * update worker thread.
1815                  */
1816                 queue_delayed_work_on(smp_processor_id(), mm_percpu_wq,
1817                                 this_cpu_ptr(&vmstat_work),
1818                                 round_jiffies_relative(sysctl_stat_interval));
1819         }
1820 }
1821 
1822 /*
1823  * Switch off vmstat processing and then fold all the remaining differentials
1824  * until the diffs stay at zero. The function is used by NOHZ and can only be
1825  * invoked when tick processing is not active.
1826  */
1827 /*
1828  * Check if the diffs for a certain cpu indicate that
1829  * an update is needed.
1830  */
1831 static bool need_update(int cpu)
1832 {
1833         struct zone *zone;
1834 
1835         for_each_populated_zone(zone) {
1836                 struct per_cpu_pageset *p = per_cpu_ptr(zone->pageset, cpu);
1837 
1838                 BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(p->vm_stat_diff[0]) != 1);
1839 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
1840                 BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(p->vm_numa_stat_diff[0]) != 2);
1841 #endif
1842 
1843                 /*
1844                  * The fast way of checking if there are any vmstat diffs.
1845                  */
1846                 if (memchr_inv(p->vm_stat_diff, 0, NR_VM_ZONE_STAT_ITEMS *
1847                                sizeof(p->vm_stat_diff[0])))
1848                         return true;
1849 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
1850                 if (memchr_inv(p->vm_numa_stat_diff, 0, NR_VM_NUMA_STAT_ITEMS *
1851                                sizeof(p->vm_numa_stat_diff[0])))
1852                         return true;
1853 #endif
1854         }
1855         return false;
1856 }
1857 
1858 /*
1859  * Switch off vmstat processing and then fold all the remaining differentials
1860  * until the diffs stay at zero. The function is used by NOHZ and can only be
1861  * invoked when tick processing is not active.
1862  */
1863 void quiet_vmstat(void)
1864 {
1865         if (system_state != SYSTEM_RUNNING)
1866                 return;
1867 
1868         if (!delayed_work_pending(this_cpu_ptr(&vmstat_work)))
1869                 return;
1870 
1871         if (!need_update(smp_processor_id()))
1872                 return;
1873 
1874         /*
1875          * Just refresh counters and do not care about the pending delayed
1876          * vmstat_update. It doesn't fire that often to matter and canceling
1877          * it would be too expensive from this path.
1878          * vmstat_shepherd will take care about that for us.
1879          */
1880         refresh_cpu_vm_stats(false);
1881 }
1882 
1883 /*
1884  * Shepherd worker thread that checks the
1885  * differentials of processors that have their worker
1886  * threads for vm statistics updates disabled because of
1887  * inactivity.
1888  */
1889 static void vmstat_shepherd(struct work_struct *w);
1890 
1891 static DECLARE_DEFERRABLE_WORK(shepherd, vmstat_shepherd);
1892 
1893 static void vmstat_shepherd(struct work_struct *w)
1894 {
1895         int cpu;
1896 
1897         get_online_cpus();
1898         /* Check processors whose vmstat worker threads have been disabled */
1899         for_each_online_cpu(cpu) {
1900                 struct delayed_work *dw = &per_cpu(vmstat_work, cpu);
1901 
1902                 if (!delayed_work_pending(dw) && need_update(cpu))
1903                         queue_delayed_work_on(cpu, mm_percpu_wq, dw, 0);
1904         }
1905         put_online_cpus();
1906 
1907         schedule_delayed_work(&shepherd,
1908                 round_jiffies_relative(sysctl_stat_interval));
1909 }
1910 
1911 static void __init start_shepherd_timer(void)
1912 {
1913         int cpu;
1914 
1915         for_each_possible_cpu(cpu)
1916                 INIT_DEFERRABLE_WORK(per_cpu_ptr(&vmstat_work, cpu),
1917                         vmstat_update);
1918 
1919         schedule_delayed_work(&shepherd,
1920                 round_jiffies_relative(sysctl_stat_interval));
1921 }
1922 
1923 static void __init init_cpu_node_state(void)
1924 {
1925         int node;
1926 
1927         for_each_online_node(node) {
1928                 if (cpumask_weight(cpumask_of_node(node)) > 0)
1929                         node_set_state(node, N_CPU);
1930         }
1931 }
1932 
1933 static int vmstat_cpu_online(unsigned int cpu)
1934 {
1935         refresh_zone_stat_thresholds();
1936         node_set_state(cpu_to_node(cpu), N_CPU);
1937         return 0;
1938 }
1939 
1940 static int vmstat_cpu_down_prep(unsigned int cpu)
1941 {
1942         cancel_delayed_work_sync(&per_cpu(vmstat_work, cpu));
1943         return 0;
1944 }
1945 
1946 static int vmstat_cpu_dead(unsigned int cpu)
1947 {
1948         const struct cpumask *node_cpus;
1949         int node;
1950 
1951         node = cpu_to_node(cpu);
1952 
1953         refresh_zone_stat_thresholds();
1954         node_cpus = cpumask_of_node(node);
1955         if (cpumask_weight(node_cpus) > 0)
1956                 return 0;
1957 
1958         node_clear_state(node, N_CPU);
1959         return 0;
1960 }
1961 
1962 #endif
1963 
1964 struct workqueue_struct *mm_percpu_wq;
1965 
1966 void __init init_mm_internals(void)
1967 {
1968         int ret __maybe_unused;
1969 
1970         mm_percpu_wq = alloc_workqueue("mm_percpu_wq", WQ_MEM_RECLAIM, 0);
1971 
1972 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
1973         ret = cpuhp_setup_state_nocalls(CPUHP_MM_VMSTAT_DEAD, "mm/vmstat:dead",
1974                                         NULL, vmstat_cpu_dead);
1975         if (ret < 0)
1976                 pr_err("vmstat: failed to register 'dead' hotplug state\n");
1977 
1978         ret = cpuhp_setup_state_nocalls(CPUHP_AP_ONLINE_DYN, "mm/vmstat:online",
1979                                         vmstat_cpu_online,
1980                                         vmstat_cpu_down_prep);
1981         if (ret < 0)
1982                 pr_err("vmstat: failed to register 'online' hotplug state\n");
1983 
1984         get_online_cpus();
1985         init_cpu_node_state();
1986         put_online_cpus();
1987 
1988         start_shepherd_timer();
1989 #endif
1990 #ifdef CONFIG_PROC_FS
1991         proc_create_seq("buddyinfo", 0444, NULL, &fragmentation_op);
1992         proc_create_seq("pagetypeinfo", 0400, NULL, &pagetypeinfo_op);
1993         proc_create_seq("vmstat", 0444, NULL, &vmstat_op);
1994         proc_create_seq("zoneinfo", 0444, NULL, &zoneinfo_op);
1995 #endif
1996 }
1997 
1998 #if defined(CONFIG_DEBUG_FS) && defined(CONFIG_COMPACTION)
1999 
2000 /*
2001  * Return an index indicating how much of the available free memory is
2002  * unusable for an allocation of the requested size.
2003  */
2004 static int unusable_free_index(unsigned int order,
2005                                 struct contig_page_info *info)
2006 {
2007         /* No free memory is interpreted as all free memory is unusable */
2008         if (info->free_pages == 0)
2009                 return 1000;
2010 
2011         /*
2012          * Index should be a value between 0 and 1. Return a value to 3
2013          * decimal places.
2014          *
2015          * 0 => no fragmentation
2016          * 1 => high fragmentation
2017          */
2018         return div_u64((info->free_pages - (info->free_blocks_suitable << order)) * 1000ULL, info->free_pages);
2019 
2020 }
2021 
2022 static void unusable_show_print(struct seq_file *m,
2023                                         pg_data_t *pgdat, struct zone *zone)
2024 {
2025         unsigned int order;
2026         int index;
2027         struct contig_page_info info;
2028 
2029         seq_printf(m, "Node %d, zone %8s ",
2030                                 pgdat->node_id,
2031                                 zone->name);
2032         for (order = 0; order < MAX_ORDER; ++order) {
2033                 fill_contig_page_info(zone, order, &info);
2034                 index = unusable_free_index(order, &info);
2035                 seq_printf(m, "%d.%03d ", index / 1000, index % 1000);
2036         }
2037 
2038         seq_putc(m, '\n');
2039 }
2040 
2041 /*
2042  * Display unusable free space index
2043  *
2044  * The unusable free space index measures how much of the available free
2045  * memory cannot be used to satisfy an allocation of a given size and is a
2046  * value between 0 and 1. The higher the value, the more of free memory is
2047  * unusable and by implication, the worse the external fragmentation is. This
2048  * can be expressed as a percentage by multiplying by 100.
2049  */
2050 static int unusable_show(struct seq_file *m, void *arg)
2051 {
2052         pg_data_t *pgdat = (pg_data_t *)arg;
2053 
2054         /* check memoryless node */
2055         if (!node_state(pgdat->node_id, N_MEMORY))
2056                 return 0;
2057 
2058         walk_zones_in_node(m, pgdat, true, false, unusable_show_print);
2059 
2060         return 0;
2061 }
2062 
2063 static const struct seq_operations unusable_op = {
2064         .start  = frag_start,
2065         .next   = frag_next,
2066         .stop   = frag_stop,
2067         .show   = unusable_show,
2068 };
2069 
2070 static int unusable_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
2071 {
2072         return seq_open(file, &unusable_op);
2073 }
2074 
2075 static const struct file_operations unusable_file_ops = {
2076         .open           = unusable_open,
2077         .read           = seq_read,
2078         .llseek         = seq_lseek,
2079         .release        = seq_release,
2080 };
2081 
2082 static void extfrag_show_print(struct seq_file *m,
2083                                         pg_data_t *pgdat, struct zone *zone)
2084 {
2085         unsigned int order;
2086         int index;
2087 
2088         /* Alloc on stack as interrupts are disabled for zone walk */
2089         struct contig_page_info info;
2090 
2091         seq_printf(m, "Node %d, zone %8s ",
2092                                 pgdat->node_id,
2093                                 zone->name);
2094         for (order = 0; order < MAX_ORDER; ++order) {
2095                 fill_contig_page_info(zone, order, &info);
2096                 index = __fragmentation_index(order, &info);
2097                 seq_printf(m, "%d.%03d ", index / 1000, index % 1000);
2098         }
2099 
2100         seq_putc(m, '\n');
2101 }
2102 
2103 /*
2104  * Display fragmentation index for orders that allocations would fail for
2105  */
2106 static int extfrag_show(struct seq_file *m, void *arg)
2107 {
2108         pg_data_t *pgdat = (pg_data_t *)arg;
2109 
2110         walk_zones_in_node(m, pgdat, true, false, extfrag_show_print);
2111 
2112         return 0;
2113 }
2114 
2115 static const struct seq_operations extfrag_op = {
2116         .start  = frag_start,
2117         .next   = frag_next,
2118         .stop   = frag_stop,
2119         .show   = extfrag_show,
2120 };
2121 
2122 static int extfrag_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
2123 {
2124         return seq_open(file, &extfrag_op);
2125 }
2126 
2127 static const struct file_operations extfrag_file_ops = {
2128         .open           = extfrag_open,
2129         .read           = seq_read,
2130         .llseek         = seq_lseek,
2131         .release        = seq_release,
2132 };
2133 
2134 static int __init extfrag_debug_init(void)
2135 {
2136         struct dentry *extfrag_debug_root;
2137 
2138         extfrag_debug_root = debugfs_create_dir("extfrag", NULL);
2139 
2140         debugfs_create_file("unusable_index", 0444, extfrag_debug_root, NULL,
2141                             &unusable_file_ops);
2142 
2143         debugfs_create_file("extfrag_index", 0444, extfrag_debug_root, NULL,
2144                             &extfrag_file_ops);
2145 
2146         return 0;
2147 }
2148 
2149 module_init(extfrag_debug_init);
2150 #endif
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root/mm/vmstat.c

DEFINITIONS
