1/*
2 * Runtime locking correctness validator
3 *
4 *  Copyright (C) 2006,2007 Red Hat, Inc., Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
5 *  Copyright (C) 2007 Red Hat, Inc., Peter Zijlstra <pzijlstr@redhat.com>
6 *
7 * see Documentation/locking/lockdep-design.txt for more details.
8 */
9#ifndef __LINUX_LOCKDEP_H
10#define __LINUX_LOCKDEP_H
11
12struct task_struct;
13struct lockdep_map;
14
15/* for sysctl */
16extern int prove_locking;
17extern int lock_stat;
18
19#ifdef CONFIG_LOCKDEP
20
21#include <linux/linkage.h>
22#include <linux/list.h>
23#include <linux/debug_locks.h>
24#include <linux/stacktrace.h>
25
26/*
27 * We'd rather not expose kernel/lockdep_states.h this wide, but we do need
28 * the total number of states... :-(
29 */
30#define XXX_LOCK_USAGE_STATES		(1+3*4)
31
32#define MAX_LOCKDEP_SUBCLASSES		8UL
33
34/*
35 * NR_LOCKDEP_CACHING_CLASSES ... Number of classes
36 * cached in the instance of lockdep_map
37 *
38 * Currently main class (subclass == 0) and signle depth subclass
39 * are cached in lockdep_map. This optimization is mainly targeting
40 * on rq->lock. double_rq_lock() acquires this highly competitive with
41 * single depth.
42 */
43#define NR_LOCKDEP_CACHING_CLASSES	2
44
45/*
46 * Lock-classes are keyed via unique addresses, by embedding the
47 * lockclass-key into the kernel (or module) .data section. (For
48 * static locks we use the lock address itself as the key.)
49 */
50struct lockdep_subclass_key {
51	char __one_byte;
52} __attribute__ ((__packed__));
53
54struct lock_class_key {
55	struct lockdep_subclass_key	subkeys[MAX_LOCKDEP_SUBCLASSES];
56};
57
58extern struct lock_class_key __lockdep_no_validate__;
59
60#define LOCKSTAT_POINTS		4
61
62/*
63 * The lock-class itself:
64 */
65struct lock_class {
66	/*
67	 * class-hash:
68	 */
69	struct list_head		hash_entry;
70
71	/*
72	 * global list of all lock-classes:
73	 */
74	struct list_head		lock_entry;
75
76	struct lockdep_subclass_key	*key;
77	unsigned int			subclass;
78	unsigned int			dep_gen_id;
79
80	/*
81	 * IRQ/softirq usage tracking bits:
82	 */
83	unsigned long			usage_mask;
84	struct stack_trace		usage_traces[XXX_LOCK_USAGE_STATES];
85
86	/*
87	 * These fields represent a directed graph of lock dependencies,
88	 * to every node we attach a list of "forward" and a list of
89	 * "backward" graph nodes.
90	 */
91	struct list_head		locks_after, locks_before;
92
93	/*
94	 * Generation counter, when doing certain classes of graph walking,
95	 * to ensure that we check one node only once:
96	 */
97	unsigned int			version;
98
99	/*
100	 * Statistics counter:
101	 */
102	unsigned long			ops;
103
104	const char			*name;
105	int				name_version;
106
107#ifdef CONFIG_LOCK_STAT
108	unsigned long			contention_point[LOCKSTAT_POINTS];
109	unsigned long			contending_point[LOCKSTAT_POINTS];
110#endif
111};
112
113#ifdef CONFIG_LOCK_STAT
114struct lock_time {
115	s64				min;
116	s64				max;
117	s64				total;
118	unsigned long			nr;
119};
120
121enum bounce_type {
122	bounce_acquired_write,
123	bounce_acquired_read,
124	bounce_contended_write,
125	bounce_contended_read,
126	nr_bounce_types,
127
128	bounce_acquired = bounce_acquired_write,
129	bounce_contended = bounce_contended_write,
130};
131
132struct lock_class_stats {
133	unsigned long			contention_point[4];
134	unsigned long			contending_point[4];
135	struct lock_time		read_waittime;
136	struct lock_time		write_waittime;
137	struct lock_time		read_holdtime;
138	struct lock_time		write_holdtime;
139	unsigned long			bounces[nr_bounce_types];
140};
141
142struct lock_class_stats lock_stats(struct lock_class *class);
143void clear_lock_stats(struct lock_class *class);
144#endif
145
146/*
147 * Map the lock object (the lock instance) to the lock-class object.
148 * This is embedded into specific lock instances:
149 */
150struct lockdep_map {
151	struct lock_class_key		*key;
152	struct lock_class		*class_cache[NR_LOCKDEP_CACHING_CLASSES];
153	const char			*name;
154#ifdef CONFIG_LOCK_STAT
155	int				cpu;
156	unsigned long			ip;
157#endif
158};
159
160static inline void lockdep_copy_map(struct lockdep_map *to,
161				    struct lockdep_map *from)
162{
163	int i;
164
165	*to = *from;
166	/*
167	 * Since the class cache can be modified concurrently we could observe
168	 * half pointers (64bit arch using 32bit copy insns). Therefore clear
169	 * the caches and take the performance hit.
170	 *
171	 * XXX it doesn't work well with lockdep_set_class_and_subclass(), since
172	 *     that relies on cache abuse.
173	 */
174	for (i = 0; i < NR_LOCKDEP_CACHING_CLASSES; i++)
175		to->class_cache[i] = NULL;
176}
177
178/*
179 * Every lock has a list of other locks that were taken after it.
180 * We only grow the list, never remove from it:
181 */
182struct lock_list {
183	struct list_head		entry;
184	struct lock_class		*class;
185	struct stack_trace		trace;
186	int				distance;
187
188	/*
189	 * The parent field is used to implement breadth-first search, and the
190	 * bit 0 is reused to indicate if the lock has been accessed in BFS.
191	 */
192	struct lock_list		*parent;
193};
194
195/*
196 * We record lock dependency chains, so that we can cache them:
197 */
198struct lock_chain {
199	u8				irq_context;
200	u8				depth;
201	u16				base;
202	struct list_head		entry;
203	u64				chain_key;
204};
205
206#define MAX_LOCKDEP_KEYS_BITS		13
207/*
208 * Subtract one because we offset hlock->class_idx by 1 in order
209 * to make 0 mean no class. This avoids overflowing the class_idx
210 * bitfield and hitting the BUG in hlock_class().
211 */
212#define MAX_LOCKDEP_KEYS		((1UL << MAX_LOCKDEP_KEYS_BITS) - 1)
213
214struct held_lock {
215	/*
216	 * One-way hash of the dependency chain up to this point. We
217	 * hash the hashes step by step as the dependency chain grows.
218	 *
219	 * We use it for dependency-caching and we skip detection
220	 * passes and dependency-updates if there is a cache-hit, so
221	 * it is absolutely critical for 100% coverage of the validator
222	 * to have a unique key value for every unique dependency path
223	 * that can occur in the system, to make a unique hash value
224	 * as likely as possible - hence the 64-bit width.
225	 *
226	 * The task struct holds the current hash value (initialized
227	 * with zero), here we store the previous hash value:
228	 */
229	u64				prev_chain_key;
230	unsigned long			acquire_ip;
231	struct lockdep_map		*instance;
232	struct lockdep_map		*nest_lock;
233#ifdef CONFIG_LOCK_STAT
234	u64 				waittime_stamp;
235	u64				holdtime_stamp;
236#endif
237	unsigned int			class_idx:MAX_LOCKDEP_KEYS_BITS;
238	/*
239	 * The lock-stack is unified in that the lock chains of interrupt
240	 * contexts nest ontop of process context chains, but we 'separate'
241	 * the hashes by starting with 0 if we cross into an interrupt
242	 * context, and we also keep do not add cross-context lock
243	 * dependencies - the lock usage graph walking covers that area
244	 * anyway, and we'd just unnecessarily increase the number of
245	 * dependencies otherwise. [Note: hardirq and softirq contexts
246	 * are separated from each other too.]
247	 *
248	 * The following field is used to detect when we cross into an
249	 * interrupt context:
250	 */
251	unsigned int irq_context:2; /* bit 0 - soft, bit 1 - hard */
252	unsigned int trylock:1;						/* 16 bits */
253
254	unsigned int read:2;        /* see lock_acquire() comment */
255	unsigned int check:1;       /* see lock_acquire() comment */
256	unsigned int hardirqs_off:1;
257	unsigned int references:12;					/* 32 bits */
258};
259
260/*
261 * Initialization, self-test and debugging-output methods:
262 */
263extern void lockdep_init(void);
264extern void lockdep_info(void);
265extern void lockdep_reset(void);
266extern void lockdep_reset_lock(struct lockdep_map *lock);
267extern void lockdep_free_key_range(void *start, unsigned long size);
268extern asmlinkage void lockdep_sys_exit(void);
269
270extern void lockdep_off(void);
271extern void lockdep_on(void);
272
273/*
274 * These methods are used by specific locking variants (spinlocks,
275 * rwlocks, mutexes and rwsems) to pass init/acquire/release events
276 * to lockdep:
277 */
278
279extern void lockdep_init_map(struct lockdep_map *lock, const char *name,
280			     struct lock_class_key *key, int subclass);
281
282/*
283 * To initialize a lockdep_map statically use this macro.
284 * Note that _name must not be NULL.
285 */
286#define STATIC_LOCKDEP_MAP_INIT(_name, _key) \
287	{ .name = (_name), .key = (void *)(_key), }
288
289/*
290 * Reinitialize a lock key - for cases where there is special locking or
291 * special initialization of locks so that the validator gets the scope
292 * of dependencies wrong: they are either too broad (they need a class-split)
293 * or they are too narrow (they suffer from a false class-split):
294 */
295#define lockdep_set_class(lock, key) \
296		lockdep_init_map(&(lock)->dep_map, #key, key, 0)
297#define lockdep_set_class_and_name(lock, key, name) \
298		lockdep_init_map(&(lock)->dep_map, name, key, 0)
299#define lockdep_set_class_and_subclass(lock, key, sub) \
300		lockdep_init_map(&(lock)->dep_map, #key, key, sub)
301#define lockdep_set_subclass(lock, sub)	\
302		lockdep_init_map(&(lock)->dep_map, #lock, \
303				 (lock)->dep_map.key, sub)
304
305#define lockdep_set_novalidate_class(lock) \
306	lockdep_set_class_and_name(lock, &__lockdep_no_validate__, #lock)
307/*
308 * Compare locking classes
309 */
310#define lockdep_match_class(lock, key) lockdep_match_key(&(lock)->dep_map, key)
311
312static inline int lockdep_match_key(struct lockdep_map *lock,
313				    struct lock_class_key *key)
314{
315	return lock->key == key;
316}
317
318/*
319 * Acquire a lock.
320 *
321 * Values for "read":
322 *
323 *   0: exclusive (write) acquire
324 *   1: read-acquire (no recursion allowed)
325 *   2: read-acquire with same-instance recursion allowed
326 *
327 * Values for check:
328 *
329 *   0: simple checks (freeing, held-at-exit-time, etc.)
330 *   1: full validation
331 */
332extern void lock_acquire(struct lockdep_map *lock, unsigned int subclass,
333			 int trylock, int read, int check,
334			 struct lockdep_map *nest_lock, unsigned long ip);
335
336extern void lock_release(struct lockdep_map *lock, int nested,
337			 unsigned long ip);
338
339#define lockdep_is_held(lock)	lock_is_held(&(lock)->dep_map)
340
341extern int lock_is_held(struct lockdep_map *lock);
342
343extern void lock_set_class(struct lockdep_map *lock, const char *name,
344			   struct lock_class_key *key, unsigned int subclass,
345			   unsigned long ip);
346
347static inline void lock_set_subclass(struct lockdep_map *lock,
348		unsigned int subclass, unsigned long ip)
349{
350	lock_set_class(lock, lock->name, lock->key, subclass, ip);
351}
352
353extern void lockdep_set_current_reclaim_state(gfp_t gfp_mask);
354extern void lockdep_clear_current_reclaim_state(void);
355extern void lockdep_trace_alloc(gfp_t mask);
356
357# define INIT_LOCKDEP				.lockdep_recursion = 0, .lockdep_reclaim_gfp = 0,
358
359#define lockdep_depth(tsk)	(debug_locks ? (tsk)->lockdep_depth : 0)
360
361#define lockdep_assert_held(l)	do {				\
362		WARN_ON(debug_locks && !lockdep_is_held(l));	\
363	} while (0)
364
365#define lockdep_assert_held_once(l)	do {				\
366		WARN_ON_ONCE(debug_locks && !lockdep_is_held(l));	\
367	} while (0)
368
369#define lockdep_recursing(tsk)	((tsk)->lockdep_recursion)
370
371#else /* !CONFIG_LOCKDEP */
372
373static inline void lockdep_off(void)
374{
375}
376
377static inline void lockdep_on(void)
378{
379}
380
381# define lock_acquire(l, s, t, r, c, n, i)	do { } while (0)
382# define lock_release(l, n, i)			do { } while (0)
383# define lock_set_class(l, n, k, s, i)		do { } while (0)
384# define lock_set_subclass(l, s, i)		do { } while (0)
385# define lockdep_set_current_reclaim_state(g)	do { } while (0)
386# define lockdep_clear_current_reclaim_state()	do { } while (0)
387# define lockdep_trace_alloc(g)			do { } while (0)
388# define lockdep_init()				do { } while (0)
389# define lockdep_info()				do { } while (0)
390# define lockdep_init_map(lock, name, key, sub) \
391		do { (void)(name); (void)(key); } while (0)
392# define lockdep_set_class(lock, key)		do { (void)(key); } while (0)
393# define lockdep_set_class_and_name(lock, key, name) \
394		do { (void)(key); (void)(name); } while (0)
395#define lockdep_set_class_and_subclass(lock, key, sub) \
396		do { (void)(key); } while (0)
397#define lockdep_set_subclass(lock, sub)		do { } while (0)
398
399#define lockdep_set_novalidate_class(lock) do { } while (0)
400
401/*
402 * We don't define lockdep_match_class() and lockdep_match_key() for !LOCKDEP
403 * case since the result is not well defined and the caller should rather
404 * #ifdef the call himself.
405 */
406
407# define INIT_LOCKDEP
408# define lockdep_reset()		do { debug_locks = 1; } while (0)
409# define lockdep_free_key_range(start, size)	do { } while (0)
410# define lockdep_sys_exit() 			do { } while (0)
411/*
412 * The class key takes no space if lockdep is disabled:
413 */
414struct lock_class_key { };
415
416#define lockdep_depth(tsk)	(0)
417
418#define lockdep_assert_held(l)			do { (void)(l); } while (0)
419#define lockdep_assert_held_once(l)		do { (void)(l); } while (0)
420
421#define lockdep_recursing(tsk)			(0)
422
423#endif /* !LOCKDEP */
424
425#ifdef CONFIG_LOCK_STAT
426
427extern void lock_contended(struct lockdep_map *lock, unsigned long ip);
428extern void lock_acquired(struct lockdep_map *lock, unsigned long ip);
429
430#define LOCK_CONTENDED(_lock, try, lock)			\
431do {								\
432	if (!try(_lock)) {					\
433		lock_contended(&(_lock)->dep_map, _RET_IP_);	\
434		lock(_lock);					\
435	}							\
436	lock_acquired(&(_lock)->dep_map, _RET_IP_);			\
437} while (0)
438
439#else /* CONFIG_LOCK_STAT */
440
441#define lock_contended(lockdep_map, ip) do {} while (0)
442#define lock_acquired(lockdep_map, ip) do {} while (0)
443
444#define LOCK_CONTENDED(_lock, try, lock) \
445	lock(_lock)
446
447#endif /* CONFIG_LOCK_STAT */
448
449#ifdef CONFIG_LOCKDEP
450
451/*
452 * On lockdep we dont want the hand-coded irq-enable of
453 * _raw_*_lock_flags() code, because lockdep assumes
454 * that interrupts are not re-enabled during lock-acquire:
455 */
456#define LOCK_CONTENDED_FLAGS(_lock, try, lock, lockfl, flags) \
457	LOCK_CONTENDED((_lock), (try), (lock))
458
459#else /* CONFIG_LOCKDEP */
460
461#define LOCK_CONTENDED_FLAGS(_lock, try, lock, lockfl, flags) \
462	lockfl((_lock), (flags))
463
464#endif /* CONFIG_LOCKDEP */
465
466#ifdef CONFIG_TRACE_IRQFLAGS
467extern void print_irqtrace_events(struct task_struct *curr);
468#else
469static inline void print_irqtrace_events(struct task_struct *curr)
470{
471}
472#endif
473
474/*
475 * For trivial one-depth nesting of a lock-class, the following
476 * global define can be used. (Subsystems with multiple levels
477 * of nesting should define their own lock-nesting subclasses.)
478 */
479#define SINGLE_DEPTH_NESTING			1
480
481/*
482 * Map the dependency ops to NOP or to real lockdep ops, depending
483 * on the per lock-class debug mode:
484 */
485
486#define lock_acquire_exclusive(l, s, t, n, i)		lock_acquire(l, s, t, 0, 1, n, i)
487#define lock_acquire_shared(l, s, t, n, i)		lock_acquire(l, s, t, 1, 1, n, i)
488#define lock_acquire_shared_recursive(l, s, t, n, i)	lock_acquire(l, s, t, 2, 1, n, i)
489
490#define spin_acquire(l, s, t, i)		lock_acquire_exclusive(l, s, t, NULL, i)
491#define spin_acquire_nest(l, s, t, n, i)	lock_acquire_exclusive(l, s, t, n, i)
492#define spin_release(l, n, i)			lock_release(l, n, i)
493
494#define rwlock_acquire(l, s, t, i)		lock_acquire_exclusive(l, s, t, NULL, i)
495#define rwlock_acquire_read(l, s, t, i)		lock_acquire_shared_recursive(l, s, t, NULL, i)
496#define rwlock_release(l, n, i)			lock_release(l, n, i)
497
498#define seqcount_acquire(l, s, t, i)		lock_acquire_exclusive(l, s, t, NULL, i)
499#define seqcount_acquire_read(l, s, t, i)	lock_acquire_shared_recursive(l, s, t, NULL, i)
500#define seqcount_release(l, n, i)		lock_release(l, n, i)
501
502#define mutex_acquire(l, s, t, i)		lock_acquire_exclusive(l, s, t, NULL, i)
503#define mutex_acquire_nest(l, s, t, n, i)	lock_acquire_exclusive(l, s, t, n, i)
504#define mutex_release(l, n, i)			lock_release(l, n, i)
505
506#define rwsem_acquire(l, s, t, i)		lock_acquire_exclusive(l, s, t, NULL, i)
507#define rwsem_acquire_nest(l, s, t, n, i)	lock_acquire_exclusive(l, s, t, n, i)
508#define rwsem_acquire_read(l, s, t, i)		lock_acquire_shared(l, s, t, NULL, i)
509#define rwsem_release(l, n, i)			lock_release(l, n, i)
510
511#define lock_map_acquire(l)			lock_acquire_exclusive(l, 0, 0, NULL, _THIS_IP_)
512#define lock_map_acquire_read(l)		lock_acquire_shared_recursive(l, 0, 0, NULL, _THIS_IP_)
513#define lock_map_acquire_tryread(l)		lock_acquire_shared_recursive(l, 0, 1, NULL, _THIS_IP_)
514#define lock_map_release(l)			lock_release(l, 1, _THIS_IP_)
515
516#ifdef CONFIG_PROVE_LOCKING
517# define might_lock(lock) 						\
518do {									\
519	typecheck(struct lockdep_map *, &(lock)->dep_map);		\
520	lock_acquire(&(lock)->dep_map, 0, 0, 0, 1, NULL, _THIS_IP_);	\
521	lock_release(&(lock)->dep_map, 0, _THIS_IP_);			\
522} while (0)
523# define might_lock_read(lock) 						\
524do {									\
525	typecheck(struct lockdep_map *, &(lock)->dep_map);		\
526	lock_acquire(&(lock)->dep_map, 0, 0, 1, 1, NULL, _THIS_IP_);	\
527	lock_release(&(lock)->dep_map, 0, _THIS_IP_);			\
528} while (0)
529#else
530# define might_lock(lock) do { } while (0)
531# define might_lock_read(lock) do { } while (0)
532#endif
533
534#ifdef CONFIG_LOCKDEP
535void lockdep_rcu_suspicious(const char *file, const int line, const char *s);
536#else
537static inline void
538lockdep_rcu_suspicious(const char *file, const int line, const char *s)
539{
540}
541#endif
542
543#endif /* __LINUX_LOCKDEP_H */
544